धक्का
Hindi
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-New Indo-Aryan *𑀥𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*dhakka), from *𑀥𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁆 (*dhakk). Compare Gujarati ધક્કો (dhakko), Bengali ধাক্কা (dhakka).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /d̪ʱək.kɑː/, [d̪ʱɐk̚.käː]
Noun
धक्का • (dhakkā) m (Urdu spelling دھکا)
- shove, push
- Synonym: धकेलना (dhakelnā, verb)
- धक्का देना ― dhakkā denā ― to shove
- धक्का लगना ― dhakkā lagnā ― to be shoved
- (figurative) misfortune, bad luck
- धक्का खाना ― dhakkā khānā ― to receive bad luck
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | धक्का dhakkā |
धक्के dhakke |
| oblique | धक्के dhakke |
धक्कों dhakkõ |
| vocative | धक्के dhakke |
धक्को dhakko |
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “dhakk”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-New Indo-Aryan *𑀥𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*dhakka), from *𑀥𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁆 (*dhakk).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d̪ʱək.ka/
Noun
धक्का • (dhakkā) m
- push, shove
- jolt, shock
- (figuratively) misfortune
Declension
| Declension of धक्का (masc ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
धक्का dhakkā | ||
| direct plural |
धक्के dhakke | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
धक्का dhakkā |
धक्के dhakke | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
धक्क्या dhakkyā |
धक्क्यां- dhakkyān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
धक्क्याला dhakkyālā |
धक्क्यांना dhakkyānnā | |
| ergative | धक्क्याने, धक्क्यानं dhakkyāne, dhakkyāna |
धक्क्यांनी dhakkyānnī | |
| instrumental | धक्क्याशी dhakkyāśī |
धक्क्यांशी dhakkyānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
धक्क्यात dhakkyāt |
धक्क्यांत dhakkyāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
धक्क्या dhakkyā |
धक्क्यांनो dhakkyānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of धक्का (masc ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
धक्क्याचा dhakkyāċā |
धक्क्याचे dhakkyāċe |
धक्क्याची dhakkyācī |
धक्क्याच्या dhakkyācā |
धक्क्याचे, धक्क्याचं dhakkyāċe, dhakkyāċa |
धक्क्याची dhakkyācī |
धक्क्याच्या dhakkyācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
धक्क्यांचा dhakkyānċā |
धक्क्यांचे dhakkyānċe |
धक्क्यांची dhakkyāñcī |
धक्क्यांच्या dhakkyāncā |
धक्क्यांचे, धक्क्यांचं dhakkyānċe, dhakkyānċa |
धक्क्यांची dhakkyāñcī |
धक्क्यांच्या dhakkyāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- धक्कादायक (dhakkādāyak, “shocking”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “धक्का”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “धका”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “dhakk”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press