द्रोण

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dráwnam (“wooden object”), from Proto-Indo-European *dréw-no-m, from *dóru (“tree; wood”). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (dlwn' /⁠drōn⁠/), Old Armenian տոռն (toṙn), Ancient Greek δροίτη (droítē, “tub, vat”), Old English trēġ, English tray, trough.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɾɐ́w.ɳɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪ɾoː.ɳɐ/

द्रोण॑ • (dróṇa) stem, n

1. a wooden vessel, bucket, trough; a Soma vessel
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.44.20:

     आ ते॑ वृष॒न् वृष॑णो॒ द्रोण॑म् अस्थुर् घृत॒प्रुषो॒ नोर्मयो॒ मद॑न्तः ।
     इन्द्र॒ प्र तुभ्यं॒ वृष॑भिः सु॒तानां॒ वृष्णे॑ भरन्ति वृष॒भाय॒ सोम॑म् ॥

     ā́ te vṛṣan vṛ́ṣaṇo dróṇam asthur ghṛtaprúṣo nórmáyo mádantaḥ.
     índra prá túbhyaṃ vṛ́ṣabhiḥ sutā́nāṃ vṛ́ṣṇe bharanti vṛṣabhā́ya sómam.

     Beside the vat, Strong God, stand thy strong Horses, shining with holy oil, like waves exulting.
     Indra, they bring to thee, the Strong and Mighty, Soma of juices shed by mighty press-stones.

• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਦੋਣਾ (doṇā)
• Pali: doṇa
  • → South Dravidian: *donnay
    • Kannada: ದೊನ್ನೆ (donne)
    • Tamil: தொன்னை (toṉṉai)
• Sauraseni Prakrit:
  • Hindi: दोना (donā, “leaf cup”)
  • Nepali: दुनु (dunu, “leaf plate”)
• → Kannada: ದ್ರೋಣ (drōṇa)

द्रोण॑ • (dróṇa) stem, m

1. name of one of the 8 Vasus (husband of Abhimati and father of Harsha, Shoka, Bhaya)
2. name of a character in the Mahābhārata, the son of Bharadwaja; he is so named since he is said to have been born in a wooden bucket; he would later work in the employ of the royal court of Hastinapura as the military preceptor of the sons of both Dhritarashtra and Pandu
   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter I.24-25:

     सञ्जय उवाच ।
     एवम् उक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत ।
     सेनयोर् उभयोर् मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥
     भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखत: सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् ।
     उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान् समवेतान् कुरून् इति ॥

     sañjaya uvāca.
     evam ukto hṛṣīkeśo guḍākeśena bhārata.
     senayor ubhayor madhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam.
     bhīṣmadroṇapramukhata: sarveṣāṃ ca mahīkṣitām.
     uvāca pārtha paśyaitān samavetān kurūn iti.

     Sanjay said: O descendant of Bharata, having thus been addressed by the conqueror of sleep (Arjuna), Hṛiṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa) then drew the magnificent chariot between the two armies.
     In the presence of Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and all the other kings, (Kṛṣṇa) said: O Pārtha, behold these Kurus gathered here.

• दार्व् (dārv, “wooden”)
• दर्वि (dárvi, “ladle”)
• द्रुम (druma, “tree”)

• → Kannada: ದ್ರೋಣ (drōṇa)
• → Malayalam: ദ്രോണർ (drōṇaṟ)
• → Tamil: துரோணர் (turōṇar)
• → Telugu: ద్రోణుడు (drōṇuḍu)