दृति
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- দৃতি (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬺᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- দৃতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰴𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑀾𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဒၖတိ (Burmese script)
- દૃતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਰਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍃𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦽꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑃂𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ದೃತಿ (Kannada script)
- ទ្ឫតិ (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຣິຕິ (Lao script)
- ദൃതി (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡵᡳᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘵𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠷᠢᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧖𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐺𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଦୃତି (Odia script)
- ꢣꢺꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆸𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖴𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- දෘති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩙𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- த்³ரிதி (Tamil script)
- దృతి (Telugu script)
- ทฺฤติ (Thai script)
- དྲྀ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒵𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨼𑨉𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dér-ti-s ~ *dr̥-téy-s, from *der- (“to tear, to skin”). Distantly related to Ancient Greek δέρμα (dérma, “skin”); more closely to Ancient Greek δάρσις (dársis), Proto-Germanic *turþiz.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /dŕ̩.ti/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d̪r̩.t̪i/
Noun
दृति॑ • (dṛ́ti) stem, m
- waterskin (a leather bag for holding liquids)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.45.1:
- ए॒ष स्य भा॒नुर् उद् इ॑यर्ति यु॒ज्यते॒ रथः॒ परि॑ज्मा दि॒वो अ॒स्य सान॑वि ।
पृ॒क्षासो॑ अस्मिन् मिथु॒ना अधि॒ त्रयो॒ दृति॑स् तु॒रीयो॒ मधु॑नो॒ वि र॑प्शते ॥- eṣá syá bhānúr úd iyarti yujyáte ráthaḥ párijmā divó asyá sā́navi.
pṛkṣā́so asmin mithunā́ ádhi tráyo dṛ́tis turī́yo mádhuno ví rapśate. - Yonder goes up that light: your chariot is yoked that travels round upon the summit of this heaven.
Within this car are stored three kindred shares of food, and a skin-bag filled with mead is rustling as the fourth.
- eṣá syá bhānúr úd iyarti yujyáte ráthaḥ párijmā divó asyá sā́navi.
- ए॒ष स्य भा॒नुर् उद् इ॑यर्ति यु॒ज्यते॒ रथः॒ परि॑ज्मा दि॒वो अ॒स्य सान॑वि ।
- bellows (a leather device used for blowing air into a fire)
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 6.18.3:
- अ॒दो यत् ते॑ हृ॒दि श्रि॒तं म॑न॒स्कं प॑तयिष्णु॒कम् ।
तत॑स् त ई॒र्ष्यां मु॑ञ्चामि॒ निर् ऊ॒ष्माणं॒ दृते॑र् इव ॥- adó yát te hṛdí śritáṃ manaskáṃ patayiṣṇukám.
tátas ta īrṣyā́ṃ muñcāmi nír ūṣmā́ṇaṃ dṛ́ter iva. - The thought that harbours in your heart, the fluttering doubt that dwells therein.
Yea, all your jealousy, like hot air from the bellows, I release thence.
- adó yát te hṛdí śritáṃ manaskáṃ patayiṣṇukám.
- अ॒दो यत् ते॑ हृ॒दि श्रि॒तं म॑न॒स्कं प॑तयिष्णु॒कम् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दृतिः॑ (dṛ́tiḥ) | दृती॑ (dṛ́tī) | दृत॑यः (dṛ́tayaḥ) |
| accusative | दृति॑म् (dṛ́tim) | दृती॑ (dṛ́tī) | दृती॑न् (dṛ́tīn) |
| instrumental | दृति॑ना (dṛ́tinā) दृत्या॑¹ (dṛ́tyā¹) |
दृति॑भ्याम् (dṛ́tibhyām) | दृति॑भिः (dṛ́tibhiḥ) |
| dative | दृत॑ये (dṛ́taye) | दृति॑भ्याम् (dṛ́tibhyām) | दृति॑भ्यः (dṛ́tibhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दृतेः॑ (dṛ́teḥ) दृत्यः॑¹ (dṛ́tyaḥ¹) |
दृति॑भ्याम् (dṛ́tibhyām) | दृति॑भ्यः (dṛ́tibhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दृतेः॑ (dṛ́teḥ) दृत्यः॑¹ (dṛ́tyaḥ¹) |
दृत्योः॑ (dṛ́tyoḥ) | दृती॑नाम् (dṛ́tīnām) |
| locative | दृतौ॑ (dṛ́tau) दृता॑¹ (dṛ́tā¹) |
दृत्योः॑ (dṛ́tyoḥ) | दृति॑षु (dṛ́tiṣu) |
| vocative | दृते॑ (dṛ́te) | दृती॑ (dṛ́tī) | दृत॑यः (dṛ́tayaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Prakrit: 𑀤𑀇 (daï), 𑀤𑀺𑀇 (dii)
- Old Gujarati: दइडउ (daïḍaü, “leather ball”) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-) + -𑀓- (-ka-))
- Gujarati: દેડો (deḍo)
- Old Gujarati: दइडउ (daïḍaü, “leather ball”) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-) + -𑀓- (-ka-))
- Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀤𑀺𑀢𑀺 (*diti)
- → Proto-South Dravidian I: *titi (“bellows”)
- Kannada: ತಿದಿ (tidi, “bellows”)
- → Proto-South Dravidian I: *titi (“bellows”)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “दृति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 491.