दारु

See also: दार, दारू, and -दार

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑː.ɾuː/, [d̪äː.ɾuː]

Noun

दारु • (dāru) m

(rare, formal) wood
Synonyms: (more common) लकड़ी (lakṛī), काठ (kāṭh), काष्ठ (kāṣṭh)

Declension

Declension of *दारु* (masc u-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	दारु dāru	दारु dāru
oblique	दारु dāru	दारुओं dāruõ
vocative	दारु dāru	दारुओ dāruo

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “दारु”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

দাৰু (Assamese script)
ᬤᬵᬭᬸ (Balinese script)
দারু (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰯𑰨𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀼 (Brahmi script)
ဒါရု (Burmese script)
દારુ (Gujarati script)
ਦਾਰੁ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑌾𑌰𑍁 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦴꦫꦸ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂰𑂩𑂳 (Kaithi script)
ದಾರು (Kannada script)
ទារុ (Khmer script)
ທາຣຸ (Lao script)
ദാരു (Malayalam script)
ᡩᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᡠ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘰𑘨𑘳 (Modi script)
ᢑᠠᢗᠷᠤ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧑𑧈𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑐵𑐬𑐸 (Newa script)
ଦାରୁ (Odia script)
ꢣꢵꢬꢸ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑆳𑆫𑆶 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖯𑖨𑖲 (Siddham script)
දාරු (Sinhalese script)
𑩭𑩛𑩼𑩒 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚭𑚤𑚰 (Takri script)
த³ாரு (Tamil script)
దారు (Telugu script)
ทารุ (Thai script)
དཱ་རུ (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑒰𑒩𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑨊𑨫𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dóru

Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru

Proto-Indo-Aryan *dā́ru

Sanskrit दारु॑

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru (“tree, wood”), from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬎𐬭𐬎 (dā^uru, “wood”), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v /⁠dāruv⁠/), Hittite 𒋫𒊒 (“taru”), Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron, “tree”) (whence English dendr-), English tree, Proto-Slavic *drъvo.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑ́ː.ɾu/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑː.ɾu/

Noun

दारु॑ • (dā́ru) stem, n

piece of wood, wood, timber
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.3.4:
  तिग्मं चिदेम महि वर्पो अस्य भसदश्वो न यमसान आसा ।
  विजेहमानः परशुर्न जिह्वां द्रविर्न द्रावयति दारु धक्षत् ॥
  tigmaṃ cidema mahi varpo asya bhasadaśvo na yamasāna āsā.
  vijehamānaḥ paraśurna jihvāṃ dravirna drāvayati dāru dhakṣat.
  Fierce is his (Agni's) gait and vast his wondrous body: he champeth like a horse with bit and bridle,
  And, darting forth his tongue, as ’twere a hatchet, burning the wood, smelteth it like a smelter.

Declension

Neuter u-stem declension of दारु॑
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दारु॑ (dā́ru)	दारु॑णी (dā́ruṇī)	दारू॑णि (dā́rūṇi) दारु॑¹ (dā́ru¹) दारू॑¹ (dā́rū¹)
accusative	दारु॑ (dā́ru)	दारु॑णी (dā́ruṇī)	दारू॑णि (dā́rūṇi) दारु॑¹ (dā́ru¹) दारू॑¹ (dā́rū¹)
instrumental	दारु॑णा (dā́ruṇā) दार्वा॑¹ (dā́rvā¹)	दारु॑भ्याम् (dā́rubhyām)	दारु॑भिः (dā́rubhiḥ)
dative	दारु॑णे (dā́ruṇe) दार॑वे¹ (dā́rave¹) दार्वे॑¹ (dā́rve¹)	दारु॑भ्याम् (dā́rubhyām)	दारु॑भ्यः (dā́rubhyaḥ)
ablative	दारु॑णः (dā́ruṇaḥ) दारोः॑¹ (dā́roḥ¹) दार्वः॑¹ (dā́rvaḥ¹)	दारु॑भ्याम् (dā́rubhyām)	दारु॑भ्यः (dā́rubhyaḥ)
genitive	दारु॑णः (dā́ruṇaḥ) दारोः॑¹ (dā́roḥ¹) दार्वः॑¹ (dā́rvaḥ¹)	दारु॑णोः (dā́ruṇoḥ) दार्वोः॑¹ (dā́rvoḥ¹)	दारू॑णाम् (dā́rūṇām)
locative	दारु॑णि (dā́ruṇi) दारौ॑¹ (dā́rau¹)	दारु॑णोः (dā́ruṇoḥ) दार्वोः॑¹ (dā́rvoḥ¹)	दारु॑षु (dā́ruṣu)
vocative	दारु॑ (dā́ru) दारो॑ (dā́ro)	दारु॑णी (dā́ruṇī)	दारू॑णि (dā́rūṇi) दारु॑¹ (dā́ru¹) दारू॑¹ (dā́rū¹)

¹Vedic

Derived terms

दारुण (dāruṇa)
देवदारु (devadāru, “"divine tree": Cedrus deodara, Himalayan cedar”)
द्वारदारु (dvāradāru, “"door tree": teak wood”)
ब्रह्मदारु (brahmadāru, “"Brahma tree": Morus indica, mulberry”)

Etymology 2

From दॄ (dṝ, “tear, burst, split, break”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑː.ɾú/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑː.ɾu/

Adjective

दा॒रु • (dārú) stem

bursting, breaking, splitting

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of दा॒रु
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दा॒रुः (dārúḥ)	दा॒रू (dārū́)	दा॒रवः॑ (dārávaḥ)
accusative	दा॒रुम् (dārúm)	दा॒रू (dārū́)	दा॒रून् (dārū́n)
instrumental	दा॒रुणा॑ (dārúṇā) दा॒र्वा¹ (dārvā́¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभिः॑ (dārúbhiḥ)
dative	दा॒रवे॑ (dāráve) दा॒र्वे¹ (dārvé¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
ablative	दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वः¹ (dārváḥ¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
genitive	दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वः¹ (dārváḥ¹)	दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रू॒णाम् (dārūṇā́m)
locative	दा॒रौ (dāráu)	दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रुषु॑ (dārúṣu)
vocative	दारो॑ (dā́ro)	दारू॑ (dā́rū)	दार॑वः (dā́ravaḥ)

¹Vedic

Feminine u-stem declension of दा॒रु
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दा॒रुः (dārúḥ)	दा॒रू (dārū́)	दा॒रवः॑ (dārávaḥ)
accusative	दा॒रुम् (dārúm)	दा॒रू (dārū́)	दा॒रूः (dārū́ḥ)
instrumental	दा॒र्वा (dārvā́)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभिः॑ (dārúbhiḥ)
dative	दा॒रवे॑ (dāráve) दा॒र्वै¹ (dārvái¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
ablative	दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वाः¹ (dārvā́ḥ¹) दा॒र्वै² (dārvái²)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
genitive	दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वाः¹ (dārvā́ḥ¹) दा॒र्वै² (dārvái²)	दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रू॒णाम् (dārūṇā́m)
locative	दा॒रौ (dāráu) दा॒र्वाम्¹ (dārvā́m¹)	दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रुषु॑ (dārúṣu)
vocative	दारो॑ (dā́ro)	दारू॑ (dā́rū)	दार॑वः (dā́ravaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter u-stem declension of दा॒रु
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दा॒रु (dārú)	दा॒रुणी॑ (dārúṇī)	दा॒रूणि॑ (dārū́ṇi) दा॒रु¹ (dārú¹) दा॒रू¹ (dārū́¹)
accusative	दा॒रु (dārú)	दा॒रुणी॑ (dārúṇī)	दा॒रूणि॑ (dārū́ṇi) दा॒रु¹ (dārú¹) दा॒रू¹ (dārū́¹)
instrumental	दा॒रुणा॑ (dārúṇā) दा॒र्वा¹ (dārvā́¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभिः॑ (dārúbhiḥ)
dative	दा॒रुणे॑ (dārúṇe) दा॒रवे॑ (dāráve) दा॒र्वे¹ (dārvé¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
ablative	दा॒रुणः॑ (dārúṇaḥ) दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वः¹ (dārváḥ¹)	दा॒रुभ्या॑म् (dārúbhyām)	दा॒रुभ्यः॑ (dārúbhyaḥ)
genitive	दा॒रुणः॑ (dārúṇaḥ) दा॒रोः (dāróḥ) दा॒र्वः¹ (dārváḥ¹)	दा॒रुणोः॑ (dārúṇoḥ) दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रू॒णाम् (dārūṇā́m)
locative	दा॒रुणि॑ (dārúṇi) दा॒रौ (dāráu)	दा॒रुणोः॑ (dārúṇoḥ) दा॒र्वोः (dārvóḥ)	दा॒रुषु॑ (dārúṣu)
vocative	दारु॑ (dā́ru) दारो॑ (dā́ro)	दारु॑णी (dā́ruṇī)	दारू॑णि (dā́rūṇi) दारु॑¹ (dā́ru¹) दारू॑¹ (dā́rū¹)

¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899), “दारु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 474.