तृद्
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- तर्द् (tard)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- তৃদ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬢᬺᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
- তৃদ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰴𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑀾𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- တၖဒ် (Burmese script)
- તૃદ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਤ੍ਰਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑍃𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦽꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑃂𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ತೃದ್ (Kannada script)
- ត្ឫទ៑ (Khmer script)
- ຕ຺ຣິທ຺ (Lao script)
- തൃദ് (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᡵᡳᡩ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘵𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠷᠢᢑ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑧖𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑐺𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
- ତୃଦ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢡꢺꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑆸𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖴𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
- තෘද් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫𑩙𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
- த்ரித்³ (Tamil script)
- తృద్ (Telugu script)
- ตฺฤทฺ (Thai script)
- ཏྲྀ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑒵𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑨼𑨉𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *terd- (“to drill, bore, split”); compare Lithuanian trandė́ti (“to thresh, grind, (of worms) to bite”) and trandi̇̀s (“woodworm”), as well as Old Church Slavonic трѫдъ (trǫdŭ).[1][2] Whether the root is further related to Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, pierce”) is unclear.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /tr̩d/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t̪r̩d̪/
Root
तृद् • (tṛd)
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- तृ॒णत्ति॑ (tṛṇátti, present)
- तृन्त्ते (tṛntte, present)
- तर्दति (tardati, present)
- अतृणत् (atṛṇat, imperfect)
- तर्दिष्यति (tardiṣyati, future)
- तर्त्स्यति (tartsyati, future)
- तर्दिता (tarditā, periphrastic future)
- अतर्दीत् (atardīt, aorist)
- त॒तर्द॑ (tatárda, perfect)
Secondary forms
- तर्दयति (tardayati, causative)
- तितृ॑त्सति (títṛtsati, desiderative)
- तितर्दिषति (titardiṣati, intensive)
- तितर्त्सति (titartsati, intensive)
Non-finite forms
- तृ॒ण्ण (tṛṇṇá, past participle)
Derived nominal forms
- तर्द्म॑न् (tárdman, “hole, cleft”)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root तृद् (0 c, 1 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root तृद् (14 c, 0 e)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “TṚD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 665
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “TARD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 633
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “तृद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0453, column 3.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “तृद्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 065
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “तृद्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 631
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1076