छिन्न
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit छिन्न (chinná).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /t͡ʃʰɪnn/, [t͡ʃʰɪ̃n(ː)]
Adjective
छिन्न • (chinn) (indeclinable)
Derived terms
- छिन्न-भिन्न (chinn-bhinn)
- छिन्नमूल (chinnamūl)
- छिन्नसंशय (chinnasañśay)
References
- Bahri, Caturvedi, Dasa-Hindi (2022), “छिन्न”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Hindi Dictionaries]
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ছিন্ন (Assamese script)
- ᬙᬶᬦ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
- ছিন্ন (Bengali script)
- 𑰔𑰰𑰡𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀙𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ဆိန္န (Burmese script)
- છિન્ન (Gujarati script)
- ਛਿਨ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌛𑌿𑌨𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦖꦶꦤ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂓𑂱𑂢𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಛಿನ್ನ (Kannada script)
- ឆិន្ន (Khmer script)
- ຉິນ຺ນ (Lao script)
- ഛിന്ന (Malayalam script)
- ᡮᡳᠨᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘔𑘱𑘡𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠼᠢᠨᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦴𑧒𑧁𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐕𑐶𑐣𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଛିନ୍ନ (Odia script)
- ꢘꢶꢥ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆗𑆴𑆤𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖔𑖰𑖡𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
- ඡින්න (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩢𑩑𑩯 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚐𑚮𑚝𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
- சி²ந்ந (Tamil script)
- ఛిన్న (Telugu script)
- ฉินฺน (Thai script)
- ཚི་ནྣ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒕𑒱𑒢𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨤𑨁𑨝𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćidnás, from Proto-Indo-European *skidnós, from *skeyd- (“to split, divide”) + *-nós. By surface analysis, from the root छिद् (chid) + -न (-na).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰin.nɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰin̪.n̪ɐ/
Adjective
छि॒न्न • (chinná) stem
- cut off, divided, torn, perforated
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.2.12:
- तेऽधराञ्चः प्र प्लवन्तां छिन्ना नौरिव बन्धनात्।
न सायकप्रणुत्तानां पुनरस्ति निवर्तनम् ॥- teʼdharāñcaḥ pra plavantāṃ chinnā nauriva bandhanāt.
na sāyakapraṇuttānāṃ punarasti nivartanam. - Let them drift downward like a boat cut off from the rope that held it fast.
There is no turning back for those whom our keen arrows have repelled.
- teʼdharāñcaḥ pra plavantāṃ chinnā nauriva bandhanāt.
- तेऽधराञ्चः प्र प्लवन्तां छिन्ना नौरिव बन्धनात्।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | छि॒न्नः (chinnáḥ) | छि॒न्नौ (chinnáu) छि॒न्ना¹ (chinnā́¹) |
छि॒न्नाः (chinnā́ḥ) छि॒न्नासः॑¹ (chinnā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | छि॒न्नम् (chinnám) | छि॒न्नौ (chinnáu) छि॒न्ना¹ (chinnā́¹) |
छि॒न्नान् (chinnā́n) |
| instrumental | छि॒न्नेन॑ (chinnéna) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नैः (chinnáiḥ) छि॒न्नेभिः॑¹ (chinnébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | छि॒न्नाय॑ (chinnā́ya) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नेभ्यः॑ (chinnébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | छि॒न्नात् (chinnā́t) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नेभ्यः॑ (chinnébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | छि॒न्नस्य॑ (chinnásya) | छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नाना॑म् (chinnā́nām) |
| locative | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नेषु॑ (chinnéṣu) |
| vocative | छिन्न॑ (chínna) | छिन्नौ॑ (chínnau) छिन्ना॑¹ (chínnā¹) |
छिन्नाः॑ (chínnāḥ) छिन्ना॑सः¹ (chínnāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | छि॒न्ना (chinnā́) | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नाः (chinnā́ḥ) |
| accusative | छि॒न्नाम् (chinnā́m) | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नाः (chinnā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | छि॒न्नया॑ (chinnáyā) छि॒न्ना¹ (chinnā́¹) |
छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नाभिः॑ (chinnā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | छि॒न्नायै॑ (chinnā́yai) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नाभ्यः॑ (chinnā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | छि॒न्नायाः॑ (chinnā́yāḥ) छि॒न्नायै॑² (chinnā́yai²) |
छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नाभ्यः॑ (chinnā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | छि॒न्नायाः॑ (chinnā́yāḥ) छि॒न्नायै॑² (chinnā́yai²) |
छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नाना॑म् (chinnā́nām) |
| locative | छि॒न्नाया॑म् (chinnā́yām) | छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नासु॑ (chinnā́su) |
| vocative | छिन्ने॑ (chínne) | छिन्ने॑ (chínne) | छिन्नाः॑ (chínnāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | छि॒न्नम् (chinnám) | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नानि॑ (chinnā́ni) छि॒न्ना¹ (chinnā́¹) |
| accusative | छि॒न्नम् (chinnám) | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नानि॑ (chinnā́ni) छि॒न्ना¹ (chinnā́¹) |
| instrumental | छि॒न्नेन॑ (chinnéna) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नैः (chinnáiḥ) छि॒न्नेभिः॑¹ (chinnébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | छि॒न्नाय॑ (chinnā́ya) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नेभ्यः॑ (chinnébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | छि॒न्नात् (chinnā́t) | छि॒न्नाभ्या॑म् (chinnā́bhyām) | छि॒न्नेभ्यः॑ (chinnébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | छि॒न्नस्य॑ (chinnásya) | छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नाना॑म् (chinnā́nām) |
| locative | छि॒न्ने (chinné) | छि॒न्नयोः॑ (chinnáyoḥ) | छि॒न्नेषु॑ (chinnéṣu) |
| vocative | छिन्न॑ (chínna) | छिन्ने॑ (chínne) | छिन्ना॑नि (chínnāni) छिन्ना॑¹ (chínnā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Kalasha: čhína
- Pali: chinna
- Prakrit: 𑀙𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡 (chiṇṇa), 𑀙𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀦 (chinna)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali-Assamese:
- Assamese: ছিঙা (siṅa)
- Bengali: ছিনা (china)
- Bengali-Assamese:
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Kumaoni: ⇒ छिन्ण (chinṇo)
- Nepali: ⇒ छिन्नु (chinnu)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Sindhi: ڇِنو / छिनो (chĩo, past participle), ⇒ چِنَڻُ / छिनणु (cinaṇu)
- Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: ⇒ છીનવું (chīnvũ)
- Romani: ⇒ ćhinel
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “छिन्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 406.