छिद्यते

Sanskrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *sek-?

Proto-Indo-European *-éyti

Proto-Indo-European *skey-

Proto-Indo-European *skeyd-

Proto-Indo-European *skid-yé-tor

Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčidyátay

Proto-Indo-Aryan *śćidyátay

Sanskrit छि॒द्यते॑

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śćidyátay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčidyátay, from Proto-Indo-European *skid-yé-tor, from *skeyd-, from *skey-, from possibly *sek- + *-éyti.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid.jɐ́.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid̪.jɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

छि॒द्यते॑ • (chidyáte) third-singular indicative (passive, root छिद्)^[1]^[2]^[3]

to be cut

Conjugation

Present: छि॒द्यते॑ (chidyáte)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यते॑ chidyáte	छि॒द्येते॑ chidyéte	छि॒द्यन्ते॑ chidyánte
Second	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यसे॑ chidyáse	छि॒द्येथे॑ chidyéthe	छि॒द्यध्वे॑ chidyádhve
First	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्ये chidyé	छि॒द्याव॑हे chidyā́vahe	छि॒द्याम॑हे chidyā́mahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यता॑म् chidyátām	छि॒द्येता॑म् chidyétām	छि॒द्यन्ता॑म् chidyántām
Second	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यस्व॑ chidyásva	छि॒द्येथा॑म् chidyéthām	छि॒द्यध्व॑म् chidyádhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यै chidyái	छि॒द्याव॑है chidyā́vahai	छि॒द्याम॑है chidyā́mahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्येत॑ chidyéta	छि॒द्येया॑ताम् chidyéyātām	छि॒द्येर॑न् chidyéran
Second	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्येथाः॑ chidyéthāḥ	छि॒द्येया॑थाम् chidyéyāthām	छि॒द्येध्व॑म् chidyédhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्येय॑ chidyéya	छि॒द्येव॑हि chidyévahi	छि॒द्येम॑हि chidyémahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्याते॑ / छि॒द्यातै॑ chidyā́te / chidyā́tai	छि॒द्यैते॑ chidyáite	छि॒द्यन्त॑ / छि॒द्यान्तै॑ chidyánta / chidyā́ntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यासे॑ / छि॒द्यासै॑ chidyā́se / chidyā́sai	छि॒द्यैथे॑ chidyáithe	छि॒द्याध्वै॑ chidyā́dhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	छि॒द्यै chidyái	छि॒द्याव॑है chidyā́vahai	छि॒द्याम॑है chidyā́mahai
Participles
	- -			छि॒द्यमा॑न chidyámāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Descendants

Dardic:
- Shinaic:
  - Kohistani Shina: chijoón
Pali: chijjati
Prakrit: 𑀙𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (chijjaï)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  - Assamese: ⇒ ছিগা (siga)

References

^ Monier Williams (1899), “छिद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 406.
^ William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 50
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “chidyatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 277

[1] Monier Williams (1899), “छिद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 406.

[2] William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 50

[3] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “chidyatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 277

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