ग्रह
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit ग्रह (graha).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡɾəɦ/, [ɡɾɛʱ]
Noun
ग्रह • (grah) m (Urdu spelling گرہ)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | ग्रह grah |
ग्रह grah |
| oblique | ग्रह grah |
ग्रहों grahõ |
| vocative | ग्रह grah |
ग्रहो graho |
See also
- planets of the Solar System: सौरमंडल के ग्रह (saurmaṇḍal ke grah): बुध (budh) · शुक्र (śukra) · पृथ्वी (pŕthvī)/धरती (dhartī) · मंगल (maṅgal) · बृहस्पति (bŕhaspati)/गुरु (guru) · शनि (śani) · अरुण (aruṇ) · वरुण (varuṇ) [edit]
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “ग्रह”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 1368
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “ग्रह”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 185
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “ग्रह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 281
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “ग्रह”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 165.
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit ग्रह (graha).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɾə.ɦə/
Noun
ग्रह • (grah) m
Declension
| Declension of ग्रह (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
ग्रह graha | ||
| direct plural |
ग्रह graha | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
ग्रह graha |
ग्रह graha | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
ग्रहा grahaā |
ग्रहां- grahaān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
ग्रहाला grahaālā |
ग्रहांना grahaānnā | |
| ergative | ग्रहाने, ग्रहानं grahaāne, grahaāna |
ग्रहांनी grahaānnī | |
| instrumental | ग्रहाशी grahaāśī |
ग्रहांशी grahaānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
ग्रहात grahaāt |
ग्रहांत grahaāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
ग्रहा grahaā |
ग्रहांनो grahaānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of ग्रह (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
ग्रहाचा grahaāċā |
ग्रहाचे grahaāċe |
ग्रहाची grahaācī |
ग्रहाच्या grahaācā |
ग्रहाचे, ग्रहाचं grahaāċe, grahaāċa |
ग्रहाची grahaācī |
ग्रहाच्या grahaācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
ग्रहांचा grahaānċā |
ग्रहांचे grahaānċe |
ग्रहांची grahaāñcī |
ग्रहांच्या grahaāncā |
ग्रहांचे, ग्रहांचं grahaānċe, grahaānċa |
ग्रहांची grahaāñcī |
ग्रहांच्या grahaāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “ग्रह”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Nepali
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡrʌ̤ː]
- Phonetic Devanagari: ग्रः
Noun
ग्रह • (graha)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গ্ৰহ (Assamese script)
- ᬕ᭄ᬭᬳ (Balinese script)
- গ্রহ (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰿𑰨𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀳 (Brahmi script)
- ဂြဟ (Burmese script)
- ગ્રહ (Gujarati script)
- ਗ੍ਰਹ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌹 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦿꦲ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂹𑂩𑂯 (Kaithi script)
- ಗ್ರಹ (Kannada script)
- គ្រហ (Khmer script)
- ຄ຺ຣຫ (Lao script)
- ഗ്രഹ (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᡵᠠᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘿𑘨𑘮 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠷᠠᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧠𑧈𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐴 (Newa script)
- ଗ୍ରହ (Odia script)
- ꢔ꣄ꢬꢲ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑇀𑆫𑆲 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖿𑖨𑖮 (Siddham script)
- ග්රහ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞 𑪙𑩼𑪂 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚶𑚤𑚩 (Takri script)
- க்³ரஹ (Tamil script)
- గ్రహ (Telugu script)
- คฺรห (Thai script)
- གྲ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑩇𑨫𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *grábʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰróbh₂-o-s, from *gʰrebh₂- + *-os. By surface analysis, from the root ग्रह् (grah, “to seize”) + -अ (-a).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɾɐ́.ɦɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡɾɐ.ɦɐ/
Noun
ग्रह॑ • (gráha) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ग्रहः॑ (gráhaḥ) | ग्रहौ॑ (gráhau) ग्रहा॑¹ (gráhā¹) |
ग्रहाः॑ (gráhāḥ) ग्रहा॑सः¹ (gráhāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | ग्रह॑म् (gráham) | ग्रहौ॑ (gráhau) ग्रहा॑¹ (gráhā¹) |
ग्रहा॑न् (gráhān) |
| instrumental | ग्रहे॑ण (gráheṇa) | ग्रहा॑भ्याम् (gráhābhyām) | ग्रहैः॑ (gráhaiḥ) ग्रहे॑भिः¹ (gráhebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | ग्रहा॑य (gráhāya) | ग्रहा॑भ्याम् (gráhābhyām) | ग्रहे॑भ्यः (gráhebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ग्रहा॑त् (gráhāt) | ग्रहा॑भ्याम् (gráhābhyām) | ग्रहे॑भ्यः (gráhebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ग्रह॑स्य (gráhasya) | ग्रह॑योः (gráhayoḥ) | ग्रहा॑णाम् (gráhāṇām) |
| locative | ग्रहे॑ (gráhe) | ग्रह॑योः (gráhayoḥ) | ग्रहे॑षु (gráheṣu) |
| vocative | ग्रह॑ (gráha) | ग्रहौ॑ (gráhau) ग्रहा॑¹ (gráhā¹) |
ग्रहाः॑ (gráhāḥ) ग्रहा॑सः¹ (gráhāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
Borrowed
- → Bengali: গ্রহ (groho)
- → Burmese: ဂြိုဟ် (gruih)
- → Hindi: ग्रह (grah)
- → Indonesian: graha (“crocodile, catch”)
- → Kannada: ಗ್ರಹ (graha)
- → Khmer: គ្រោះ (krŭəh)
- → Malayalam: ഗ്രഹം (grahaṁ)
- → Marathi: ग्रह (graha)
- → Mon: ဂြိုဟ် (krɜ̀h)
- → Nepali: ग्रह (graha)
- → Punjabi: ਗ੍ਰਹਿ (grahi)
- → Sindhi: ग्रहु (grahu)
- → Sinhalese: ග්රහ (graha)
- → Tamil: கிரகம் (kirakam)
- → Telugu: గ్రహము (grahamu), గ్రహం (grahaṁ)
- → Thai: เคราะห์ (krɔ́)
- → Urdu: گرہ (grah)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “ग्रह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 372, column 1.