क्लिश्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ক্লিশ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬓ᭄ᬮᬶᬰ᭄ (Balinese script)
- ক্লিশ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰿𑰩𑰰𑰫𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀰𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- က္လိၐ် (Burmese script)
- ક્લિશ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਕ੍ਲਿਸ਼੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑍍𑌲𑌿𑌶𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦏ꧀ꦭꦶꦯ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂹𑂪𑂱𑂬𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಕ್ಲಿಶ್ (Kannada script)
- ក្លិឝ៑ (Khmer script)
- ກ຺ລິຨ຺ (Lao script)
- ക്ലിശ് (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠯᡳᡧ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘿𑘩𑘱𑘫𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠯᠢᠱ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧠𑧉𑧒𑧋𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑑂𑐮𑐶𑐱𑑂 (Newa script)
- କ୍ଲିଶ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢒ꣄ꢭꢶꢯ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆯𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖿𑖩𑖰𑖫𑖿 (Siddham script)
- ක්ලිශ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜 𑪙𑩽𑩑𑩿 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚶𑚥𑚮𑚧𑚶 (Takri script)
- க்லிஶ் (Tamil script)
- క్లిశ్ (Telugu script)
- กฺลิศฺ (Thai script)
- ཀླི་ཤ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑓂𑒪𑒱𑒬𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑩇𑨬𑨁𑨮𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)leyḱ- (“to press, squeeze; suffer”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *klěšča (“claw, pincer”), *klěščiti (“to squeeze”), Lithuanian kli̇̀šė (“crab's pincer”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /kliɕ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /kl̪iɕ/
Root
क्लिश् • (kliś)
Derived terms
Primary verbal forms
- क्लिश्नाति (kliśnāti, present)
- क्लिश्यति (kliśyati, present)
- क्लेशिष्यति (kleśiṣyati, future)
- क्लेक्ष्यति (klekṣyati, future)
- क्लेशिता (kleśitā, periphrastic future)
- क्लेष्टा (kleṣṭā, periphrastic future)
- अक्लेशीत् (akleśīt, aorist)
- अक्लिक्षत् (aklikṣat, aorist)
- क्लिश्यात् (kliśyāt, benedictive)
- चिक्लेश (cikleśa, perfect)
Secondary forms
- अक्लेशि (akleśi, passive aorist)
- क्लेशयति (kleśayati, causative)
- अचिक्लिशत् (acikliśat, causative aorist)
Non-finite forms
- क्लिष्ट (kliṣṭa, past participle)
- क्लिशित (kliśita, past participle)
- क्लेष्टुम् (kleṣṭum, infinitive)
- क्लिशित्वा (kliśitvā, gerund)
- क्लिष्ट्वा (kliṣṭvā, gerund)
- क्लेश्य (kleśya, gerundive)
Derived nominal forms
- क्लिष्टि (kliṣṭi)
- क्लेश (kleśa)
- क्लेशक (kleśaka)
- क्लेशिन् (kleśin)
- क्लेष्टृ (kleṣṭṛ)
Prefixed root forms
- उत्क्लिश् (utkliś)
- प्रक्लिश् (prakliś)
- संक्लिश् (saṃkliś)
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root क्लिश् (0 c, 1 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root क्लिश् (2 c, 0 e)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “KLEŚ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 419
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*klěšča”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 224
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “क्लिश्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 323, column 3.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “क्लिश्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), “kliç”, in The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 27
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “क्लिश्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “kliś”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 193
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 363
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 602