उभय
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उभय (ubhaya), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hubʰáyas, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰóh₁, see also Proto-Germanic *bai (“both”), Proto-Slavic *oba.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ʊ.bʱəj/, [ʊ.bʱɐj]
Determiner
उभय • (ubhay)
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “ba”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 46
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- উভয় (Assamese script)
- ᬉᬪᬬ (Balinese script)
- উভয় (Bengali script)
- 𑰄𑰥𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀉𑀪𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- ဥဘယ (Burmese script)
- ઉભય (Gujarati script)
- ਉਭਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌉𑌭𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦈꦨꦪ (Javanese script)
- 𑂇𑂦𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ಉಭಯ (Kannada script)
- ឧភយ (Khmer script)
- ອຸຠຍ (Lao script)
- ഉഭയ (Malayalam script)
- ᡠᢨᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘄𑘥𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᠤᠪᠾᠠᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦤𑧅𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐄𑐨𑐫 (Newa script)
- ଉଭଯ (Odia script)
- ꢆꢩꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆇𑆨𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖄𑖥𑖧 (Siddham script)
- උභය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩒𑩳𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚄𑚡𑚣 (Takri script)
- உப⁴ய (Tamil script)
- ఉభయ (Telugu script)
- อุภย (Thai script)
- ཨུ་བྷ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒅𑒦𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨃𑨡𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hubʰáyas, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰóh₁, see also Proto-Germanic *bai (“both”), Proto-Slavic *oba.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /u.bʱɐ́.jɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /u.bʱɐ.jɐ/
Adjective
उ॒भय॑ • (ubháya) stem
Usage notes
Not used in the dual (where उभ (ubhá) is used).
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | उ॒भयः॑ (ubháyaḥ) | उ॒भये॑ (ubháye) |
| accusative | उ॒भय॑म् (ubháyam) | उ॒भया॑न् (ubháyān) |
| instrumental | उ॒भये॑न (ubháyena) | उ॒भयैः॑ (ubháyaiḥ) उ॒भये॑भिः¹ (ubháyebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | उ॒भय॑स्मै (ubháyasmai) | उ॒भये॑भ्यः (ubháyebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | उ॒भय॑स्मात् (ubháyasmāt) | उ॒भये॑भ्यः (ubháyebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | उ॒भय॑स्य (ubháyasya) | उ॒भये॑षाम् (ubháyeṣām) |
| locative | उ॒भय॑स्मिन् (ubháyasmin) | उ॒भये॑षु (ubháyeṣu) |
| vocative | उभ॑य (úbhaya) | उभ॑ये (úbhaye) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | उ॒भयी॑ (ubháyī) | उ॒भय्यः॑ (ubháyyaḥ) उ॒भयीः॑¹ (ubháyīḥ¹) |
| accusative | उ॒भयी॑म् (ubháyīm) | उ॒भयीः॑ (ubháyīḥ) |
| instrumental | उ॒भय्या॑ (ubháyyā) | उ॒भयी॑भिः (ubháyībhiḥ) |
| dative | उ॒भय्यै॑ (ubháyyai) | उ॒भयी॑भ्यः (ubháyībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | उ॒भय्याः॑ (ubháyyāḥ) उ॒भय्यै॑² (ubháyyai²) |
उ॒भयी॑भ्यः (ubháyībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | उ॒भय्याः॑ (ubháyyāḥ) उ॒भय्यै॑² (ubháyyai²) |
उ॒भयी॑नाम् (ubháyīnām) |
| locative | उ॒भय्या॑म् (ubháyyām) | उ॒भयी॑षु (ubháyīṣu) |
| vocative | उभ॑यि (úbhayi) | उभ॑य्यः (úbhayyaḥ) उभ॑यीः¹ (úbhayīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | उ॒भय॑म् (ubháyam) | उ॒भया॑नि (ubháyāni) उ॒भया॑¹ (ubháyā¹) |
| accusative | उ॒भय॑म् (ubháyam) | उ॒भया॑नि (ubháyāni) उ॒भया॑¹ (ubháyā¹) |
| instrumental | उ॒भये॑न (ubháyena) | उ॒भयैः॑ (ubháyaiḥ) उ॒भये॑भिः¹ (ubháyebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | उ॒भय॑स्मै (ubháyasmai) | उ॒भये॑भ्यः (ubháyebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | उ॒भय॑स्मात् (ubháyasmāt) | उ॒भये॑भ्यः (ubháyebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | उ॒भय॑स्य (ubháyasya) | उ॒भये॑षाम् (ubháyeṣām) |
| locative | उ॒भय॑स्मिन् (ubháyasmin) | उ॒भये॑षु (ubháyeṣu) |
| vocative | उभ॑य (úbhaya) | उभ॑यानि (úbhayāni) उभ॑या¹ (úbhayā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- उभयतस् (ubhayátas, “from both sides”)
- उभयत्र (ubhayátra, “on both sides, in both cases”)
- उभया (ubhayā́, “in both ways, double”)
Descendants
- → Hindi: उभय (ubhay)
- ⇒ Tocharian B: ubhayavipariti
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “उभय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 216, column 2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “ubhá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 224
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “ubhá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 520-521
- Wackernagel, Jakob (1896-1964), Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)[3] (in German), Vol. III: Nominalflexion – Zahlwort – Pronomen, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1930, 176. b), pages 343-345