आश्चर्य
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आश्चर्य (āścarya).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ɑːʃ.t͡ʃəɾ.jᵊ/, [äːʃ.t͡ʃɐɾ.jᵊ]
Noun
आश्चर्य • (āścarya) m (Urdu spelling آشچریہ)
- surprise, amazement
- wonder
- विक्टोरिया जलप्रपात विश्व के आश्चर्यों में से एक है।
- vikṭoriyā jalaprapāt viśva ke āścaryõ mẽ se ek hai.
- Victoria Falls (lit. “Victoria Cascade”) is one of the wonders of the world.
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | आश्चर्य āścarya |
आश्चर्य āścarya |
| oblique | आश्चर्य āścarya |
आश्चर्यों āścaryõ |
| vocative | आश्चर्य āścarya |
आश्चर्यो āścaryo |
Derived terms
- आश्चर्यजनक (āścaryajnak)
- आश्चर्यचकित (āścaryackit)
References
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “आश्चर्य”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “आश्चर्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884), “आश्चर्य”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “आश्चर्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आश्चर्य (āścarya).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aɕ.t͡ɕəɾ.jə/
Noun
आश्चर्य • (āścarya) n
Declension
| Declension of आश्चर्य (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
आश्चर्य āścry | ||
| direct plural |
आश्चर्ये, आश्चर्यं āścrye, āścarya | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
आश्चर्य āścry |
आश्चर्ये, आश्चर्यं āścrye, āścarya | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
आश्चर्या āścryā |
आश्चर्यां- āścryān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
आश्चर्याला āścryālā |
आश्चर्यांना āścryānnā | |
| ergative | आश्चर्याने, आश्चर्यानं āścryāne, āścryāna |
आश्चर्यांनी āścryānnī | |
| instrumental | आश्चर्याशी āścryāśī |
आश्चर्यांशी āścryānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
आश्चर्यात āścryāt |
आश्चर्यांत āścryāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
आश्चर्या āścryā |
आश्चर्यांनो āścryānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of आश्चर्य (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
आश्चर्याचा āścryāċā |
आश्चर्याचे āścryāċe |
आश्चर्याची āścryācī |
आश्चर्याच्या āścryācā |
आश्चर्याचे, आश्चर्याचं āścryāċe, āścryāċa |
आश्चर्याची āścryācī |
आश्चर्याच्या āścryācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
आश्चर्यांचा āścryānċā |
आश्चर्यांचे āścryānċe |
आश्चर्यांची āścryāñcī |
आश्चर्यांच्या āścryāncā |
आश्चर्यांचे, आश्चर्यांचं āścryānċe, āścryānċa |
आश्चर्यांची āścryāñcī |
आश्चर्यांच्या āścryāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “आश्चर्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- আশ্চৰ্য (Assamese script)
- ᬆᬰ᭄ᬘᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
- আশ্চর্য (Bengali script)
- 𑰁𑰫𑰿𑰓𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀆𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- အာၐ္စရျ (Burmese script)
- આશ્ચર્ય (Gujarati script)
- ਆਸ਼੍ਚਰ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌆𑌶𑍍𑌚𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦴꦯ꧀ꦕꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
- 𑂄𑂬𑂹𑂒𑂩𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ಆಶ್ಚರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
- អាឝ្ចយ៌ (Khmer script)
- ອາຨ຺ຈຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
- ആശ്ചര്യ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠ᠊ᠠᡧᢜᠠᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘁𑘫𑘿𑘓𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᠠᢗᠱᢋᠠᠷᠶᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦡𑧋𑧠𑦳𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐁𑐱𑑂𑐔𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
- ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ (Odia script)
- ꢃꢯ꣄ꢗꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆄𑆯𑇀𑆖𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖁𑖫𑖿𑖓𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
- ආශ්චර්ය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩛𑩿 𑪙𑩡𑩼 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚁𑚧𑚶𑚏𑚤𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
- ஆஶ்சர்ய (Tamil script)
- ఆశ్చర్య (Telugu script)
- อาศฺจรฺย (Thai script)
- ཨཱ་ཤྩ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨊𑨮𑩇𑨣𑨫𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Apparently a formation from आ- (ā-, “ad-”) + *श्चर् (*ścar) + -य (-ya, “adjectival suffix”), with the middle component of disputed interpretation and origin. Some theories:[1]
- Thieme's suggestion of *श्चर् (*ścar) as a palatalized variant of a formation from the स्खल् (skhal, “to stumble”), and the word as "that (thing) which one must stumble upon in order to discover", is ingenious but phonetically difficult, but appears to be slightly favored by Mayrhofer.
- A palatalized form of an earlier *स्कर् (*skar), itself an s-mobile formation from कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/
Adjective
आश्चर्य • (āścarya) stem
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्चर्यः (āścaryaḥ) | आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) आश्चर्यासः¹ (āścaryāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) | आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
आश्चर्यान् (āścaryān) |
| instrumental | आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām) |
| locative | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu) |
| vocative | आश्चर्य (āścarya) | आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) आश्चर्यासः¹ (āścaryāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्चर्या (āścaryā) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) |
| accusative | आश्चर्याम् (āścaryām) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) |
| instrumental | आश्चर्यया (āścaryayā) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्याभिः (āścaryābhiḥ) |
| dative | आश्चर्यायै (āścaryāyai) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्याभ्यः (āścaryābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्चर्यायाः (āścaryāyāḥ) आश्चर्यायै² (āścaryāyai²) |
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्याभ्यः (āścaryābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्चर्यायाः (āścaryāyāḥ) आश्चर्यायै² (āścaryāyai²) |
आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām) |
| locative | आश्चर्यायाम् (āścaryāyām) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्यासु (āścaryāsu) |
| vocative | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
| accusative | आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
| instrumental | आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām) |
| locative | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu) |
| vocative | आश्चर्य (āścarya) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
आश्चर्य • (āścarya) stem, n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
| accusative | आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
| instrumental | आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt) | आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām) | आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām) |
| locative | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) | आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu) |
| vocative | आश्चर्य (āścarya) | आश्चर्ये (āścarye) | आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “āścarya-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 180
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “आश्चर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 158, column 1.