ܪܒܝܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܪ ܒ ܐ (r b ˀ)
1 term

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from Aramaic [Term?]; compare Arabic رِبًا (riban), Hebrew רִבִּית (ribít), Akkadian 𒇳 (la2l /⁠ribbatu⁠/, arrears).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard) IPA(key): [rɪbbiːθaː]

Noun

ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (ribīṯāf (plural ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ribyāṯā))

  1. (finance) interest, usury
    • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Ezekiel 18:13:
      ܘܒܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܘܣܸܦ ܘܒܩܨܵܨܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܫܵܩܹܠ، ܫܘܼܕ ܚܵܝܹܐ؟ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܚܵܝܹܐ، ܡܸܛܠ ܕܟܠܗܘܿܢ ܒ̈ܝܼܫܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ݂ ܠܹܗ، ܐܸܠܵܐ ܡܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܒܸܕ ܡܵܐܹܬ݂. ܘܕܸܡܹܗ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ ܒܸܕ ܗܵܘܹܐ
      w-bribīṯā kē mawsip w-bqṣāṣā kē šāqēl, šūd ḥāyē? lā kē ḥāyē, miṭṭul d-kullhōn bīšāṯā ˁḇīḏ lēh, illā myāṯā bid māˀēṯ. w-dimmēh ˁalūh bid hāwē
      and lends at interest, and takes a profit; shall he then live? He shall not live. He has done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon himself.
    • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Luke 19:23:
      ܒܲܣ ܩܲܝ ܠܵܐ ܝܘܼܗ݇ܒ݂ܸܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܟܸܣܦܝܼ ܟܸܣ ܨܲܪ̈ܵܦܹܐ، ܕܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܘܫܵܩܠܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܹܗ ܥܲܡ ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܹܗ؟
      bas qay lā yūḇil lōḵ kispī kis ṣarrāpē, d-āṯēn wā w-šāqlēn wā lēh ˁam ribīṯēh
      Why then did you not put my money in the bank, that at my coming I might have collected it with interest?

Inflection

Inflection of ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute ܪܸܒܝܼ (ribī) 1st person ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܝܼ (ribīṯī) ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܲܢ (ribīṯan)
construct ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ (ribīṯ) 2nd person ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ribīṯōḵ) ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ribīṯāḵ) ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ribīṯawḵōn)
emphatic ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ribīṯā) 3rd person ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܹܗ (ribīṯēh) ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ribīṯāh) ܪܸܒܝܼܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ribīṯhōn)
plural absolute ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܢ (ribyān) 1st person ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܝܼ (ribyāṯī) ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܲܢ (ribyāṯan)
construct ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ (ribyāṯ) 2nd person ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ribyāṯōḵ) ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ribyāṯāḵ) ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ribyāṯawḵōn)
emphatic ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ribyāṯā) 3rd person ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܹܗ (ribyāṯēh) ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ribyāṯāh) ܪܸ̈ܒܝܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ribyāṯhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܪ ܒ ܐ related to increasing; compare Arabic رِبًا (riban), Hebrew רִבִּית (ribbîṯ), Akkadian 𒇳 (la2l /⁠ribbatu⁠/, arrears).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [rɛbˈbi.θɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [rɪbˈbi.θɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [reˈbi.θo]

Noun

ܪܒܝܬܐ • (rebbīṯāf (plural ܪܒܝܬܐ (rebbəyāṯā))

  1. (finance) interest, usury
    • Peshitta, Luke 19:23:
      ܠܡܢܐ ܠܐ ܝܗܒܬ ܟܣܦܝ ܥܠ ܦܬܘܪܐ. ܘܐܢܐ ܐܬܐ ܗܘܝܬ ܬܒܥ ܠܗ. ܥܡ ܪ̈ܒܝܬܗ.
      lə-mānā lā ya[h]ḇt kesp[y] ʿal pāṯōrā, wə-ʾĕnā ʾāṯē [hə]wêṯ tāḇaʿ lēh, ʿam rebbəyāṯēh.
      Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?
Inflection
Inflection of ܪܒܝܬܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f m f
singular absolute ܪܒܝ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܝ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ
plural absolute ܪܒܝܢ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܝ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܪ ܒ ܐ related to increasing.

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [rabˈbɑj.tɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [rabˈbɑj.tɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [rɑˈboj.to]

Noun

ܪܒܝܬܐ • (rabbāytāf (plural ܪܒܝܬܐ (rabbāyāṯā), singular masculine counterpart ܪܒܝܐ (rabbāyā))

  1. usurer
Inflection
Inflection of ܪܒܝܬܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f m f
singular absolute ܪܒܝܐ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܝ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ
plural absolute ܪܒܝܢ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܢ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From Classical Mandaic ࡓࡁࡉࡕࡀ (rəḇīṯā, sea, ocean), doublet of ܪܒܝܥܬܐ (rəḇīʿtā, mountain); the Mandaism also passed in a transferred sense into Arabic رُبَيْثَاء (rubayṯāʔ, a side dish from small fish in herbs and vinegar).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [r(ə.)ˈvi.θɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈrwi.θɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈrwi.θo], [ˈrbi.θo]

Noun

ܪܒܝܬܐ • (rəḇīṯāf (plural ܪܒܝܬܐ (reḇyāṯā))

  1. ocean, sea
Inflection
Inflection of ܪܒܝܬܐ
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f m f
singular absolute ܪܒܝ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܝ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ
plural absolute ܪܒܝܢ 1st person ܪܒܝܬܝ ܪܒܝܬܢ
construct ܪܒܝܬ 2nd person ܪܒܝܬܟ ܪܒܝܬܟܝ ܪܒܝܬܟܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܟܝܢ
emphatic ܪܒܝܬܐ 3rd person ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗ ܪܒܝܬܗܘܢ ܪܒܝܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [rabˈbaj.tɑ]
  • (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [rabˈbaj.tɑ]
  • (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [rɑˈbɑj.to]

Noun

ܪܒܝܬܐ • (rabbaytām (plural ܪܒܝܒܬܐ (rabbaybāttē))

  1. alternative spelling of ܪܒ ܒܝܬܐ (rab baytā)

References

  • rby”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 3 May 2012
  • rby5”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 26 July 2021
  • rbytˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 3 May 2012
  • Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 335b
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1898), “H. Pognon, Inscriptions mandaïtes des coupes de Khouabir. Texte, traduction et commentaire philologique avec quatre appendices et un glossaire. Deuxième partie. Paris 1899. (Pg. 105–232.)”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes[1] (in German), volume 12, page 358, referring to Nöldeke, Theodor (1875), Mandäische Grammatik[2] (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, →DOI, page 52
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 526a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 1429b