ܚܙܘܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܚ ܙ ܪ (ḥ z r)
1 term

Inherited from a variant of Aramaic חֲזִירָא (ḥăzīrā); Compare Mlahsö ܚܙܝܪܐ, Hebrew חֲזִיר (khazír), Akkadian 𒄷𒍣𒊏 (ḫuzīru), Arabic خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr) and Maltese ħanżir. This form with /u/ rather than /i/ is already attested in the 9th century Syriac dictionary of Bar Ali, as a vernacular form rather than the standard form in Classical Syriac ܚܙܝܼܪܵܐ (ḥzīrā). The form with /i/ was likely used historically and survives in the month name ܚܙܝܼܪܵܢ (ḥzīrān, “June”), its feminine absolute plural. Compare also the same month name in Hatran Syriac as ḥzwrn.

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [xzuː.raː.], [ħzuː.raː.]
(Urmia) IPA^(key): [xəzuːrɑː]

Noun

ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ • (ḥzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ (ḥzūrē), feminine ܚܙܘܼܪܬܵܐ (ḥzurtā))

pig, swine, hog

Inflection

Inflection of **ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܼܪ (ḥzūr)	1^st person	ܚܙܘܼܪܝܼ (ḥzūrī)		ܚܙܘܼܪܲܢ (ḥzūran)
	construct	ܚܙܘܼܪ (ḥzūr)	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܼܪܘܼܟ݂ (ḥzūrōḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥzūrāḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥzūrawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ (ḥzūrā)	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܼܪܹܗ (ḥzūrēh)	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܗ̇ (ḥzūrāh)	ܚܙܘܼܪܗܘܿܢ (ḥzurhōn)
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܝܼܢ (ḥzūrīn)	1^st person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܝܼ (ḥzūrī)		ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܢ (ḥzūran)
	construct	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܝ (ḥzūray)	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ḥzūrōḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥzūrāḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥzūrawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ (ḥzūrē)	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (ḥzūrūh)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܼܗ̇ (ḥzūrōh)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܝܗܘܿܢ (ḥzūrayhōn)

Derived terms

ܚܙܘܼܪ ܒܲܪܵܐ (ḥzūr barrā, “boar”)
ܚܙܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ (ḥzūrāyā, “swinishness”)
ܚܙܘܼܪܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥzūrūṯā, “swinish”)
ܚܲܙܵܪܵܐ (ḥazzārā, “swineherd”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒄭𒂗𒍪𒊒 (/⁠ḫinzūru⁠/), a dialectal form of 𒄑𒈢 (ḫašḫūru [^GEŠḪASḪUR]). Related to Old Armenian խնձոր (xnjor, “apple”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ħazzurɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ħazzure] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥazzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥazzūrē))

apple (tree and fruit)
small ball, marble
(anatomy) upper facial protuberance; cheek, cheekbone
(architecture) capital; poppyhead
candelabrum ornament or bowl

Inflection

Inflection of **ܚܙܘܪܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

ܚܙܘܪ ܐܦܐ (eyeglobe)
ܚܙܘܪ ܒܪܐ (hawthorns)
ܚܙܘܪ ܦܟܐ (cheeck)
ܚܙܘܪܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ (apricot)
ܚܙܘܪܐ ܐܪܡܢܝܐ (apricot)
ܚܙܘܪܐ ܡܕܝܐ (citron)
ܚܙܘܪܐ ܦܪܣܝܐ (peach)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ħɑzorɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ħɑzore] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥāzōrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥāzōrē))

(dialectal) little mountain

Inflection

Inflection of **ܚܙܘܪܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)zurɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)zure] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥzūrē), singular feminine counterpart ܚܙܘܪܬܐ)

alternative form of ܚܙܝܪܐ (ḥzīrā)

Inflection

Inflection of **ܚܙܘܪܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ	1^st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ	2^nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ	3^rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

References

“ḥzwr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 6 September 2012
“ḥzwr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 101b
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 136b
Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 437b–438a