کثافت
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كَثَافَة (kaṯāfa, “density”). The semantic shift from Arabic is explained by the fact that in some Arabic and Persian dialects dirt (soil) is used in the sense of bulk density, as the latter property denotes the magnitude of solids like mineral components such as soil/earth/dirt/gravel.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ki.saː.ˈfat/, /ka.saː.ˈfat/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪ.sɑː.fát̪], [kʰä.sɑː.fát̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʲe.sɒː.fǽt̪ʰ], [kʰʲæ.sɒː.fǽt̪ʰ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰä.sɔ.fát̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | kisāfát, kasāfát |
| Dari reading? | kisāfat, kasāfat |
| Iranian reading? | kesâfat, kasâfat |
| Tajik reading? | kasofat |
Noun
| Dari | چتلی |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | کثافت |
| Tajik | ифлоскунӣ, ифлоси, олудагӣ, чиркинӣ |
کثافت • (kisāfat, kasāfat / kesâfat, kasâfat) (plural کثافات, Tajik spelling касофат)
- filth
- dirt
- muck
- pollution
- (Dari) rubbish, trash, garbage, refuse, waste, litter
- خَرِیطَهٔ کِثَافَت (Dari) ― xarīta-yi kisāfat ― rubbish bag, bin bag, trash bag, garbage bag
Synonyms
Descendants
- → Kazakh: кесапат (kesapat)