قرنفل

Arabic

Alternative forms

  • قَرَنْفُول (qaranfūl)

Etymology

Imported from India. Compare Tamil கராம்பு (karāmpu), கிராம்பு (kirāmpu), കരയാമ്പ് (karayāmpŭ), ഗ്രാമ്പൂ (grāmpū), Sinhalese කරාබු (karābu), all meaning cloves. From the same source Ancient Greek καρυόφυλλον (karuóphullon), Amharic ቅርንፉድ (ḳərnəfud).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qa.ran.ful/, /qu.ran.ful/
  • Rhymes: -ul

Noun

قَرَنْفُل or قُرَنْفُل • (qaranful or quranful) m

  2. clove (Syzygium aromaticum)
    • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, “Poem #201”, in The Works of 'Abū al-Ṭayyib al-Mutanabbī, volume 3, Dār Al-Ma‘rifah, published 1978, pages 201–202:
      وَمَنْزِلٍ لَيْسَ لَنَا بِمَنْزِلِ / وَلَا لِغَيْرِ الْغَادِيَاتِ الْهُطَّلِ
      نَدِيِّ الْخُزَامَى ذَفِرِ الْقَرَنْفُلِ / مُحَلَّلٍ مِلْوَحْشِ لَمْ يُحَلَّلِ
      wamanzilin laysa lanā bimanzili / walā liḡayri l-ḡādiyāti l-huṭṭali
      nadiyyi l-ḵuzāmā ḏafiri al-qaranfuli / muḥallalin milwaḥši lam yuḥallali
      A place, which has never been a stop for us
      Nor anyone but the show'ring daybreak-clouds,
      With dewy lavenders, and fragrant cloves,
      Settled by the wildlife, and no one else.
  4. pink, carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)

Declension

Declension of noun قَرَنْفُل (qaranful)‎; قُرَنْفُل (quranful)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal قَرَنْفُل‎; قُرَنْفُل
qaranful‎; quranful 		الْقَرَنْفُل‎; الْقُرَنْفُل
al-qaranful‎; al-quranful 		قَرَنْفُل‎; قُرَنْفُل
qaranful‎; quranful
nominative قَرَنْفُلٌ‎; قُرَنْفُلٌ
qaranfulun‎; quranfulun 		الْقَرَنْفُلُ‎; الْقُرَنْفُلُ
al-qaranfulu‎; al-quranfulu 		قَرَنْفُلُ‎; قُرَنْفُلُ
qaranfulu‎; quranfulu
accusative قَرَنْفُلًا‎; قُرَنْفُلًا
qaranfulan‎; quranfulan 		الْقَرَنْفُلَ‎; الْقُرَنْفُلَ
al-qaranfula‎; al-quranfula 		قَرَنْفُلَ‎; قُرَنْفُلَ
qaranfula‎; quranfula
genitive قَرَنْفُلٍ‎; قُرَنْفُلٍ
qaranfulin‎; quranfulin 		الْقَرَنْفُلِ‎; الْقُرَنْفُلِ
al-qaranfuli‎; al-quranfuli 		قَرَنْفُلِ‎; قُرَنْفُلِ
qaranfuli‎; quranfuli

Descendants

  • Maltese: qronfol
  • → Aramaic:
    • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קרונפול
    • Classical Syriac: ܩܪܢܦܘܠܐ
  • → Dhivehi: ކަރަންފޫ (karan̊fū)
  • → Israeli Hebrew: קרנפול
  • → Persian: قرنفل (qaranfol) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Swahili: karafuu
  • → Yoruba: kànáfùrù, kànnáfùrù
  • → Hausa: kanumfari

References

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل (qaranful).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡu.run.ful/, [ɡʊ.rʊɱ.fʊl]

Noun

قُرُنْفُل • (gurunful) m (collective)

  1. carnation (flower)
  2. clove (spice)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل (qaranful).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /qrun.ful/

Noun

قرنفل • (qrunful) m (collective)

  1. carnation (flower)
  2. clove (spice)
    Synonym: عود النوار (ʕūd en-nuwwār)

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

  • قرنفیل (karanfil)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَرَنْفُل (qaranful, “carnation; clove”).

Noun

قرنفل • (karanfil) (definite accusative قرنفلی (karanfili), plural قرنفللر (karanfiller))

  1. carnation, any Eurasian flowering plant of the species Dianthus caryophyllus, widely cultivated for its flowers
    Synonym: قرنفل چیچكی (karanfil çiçeği)
  2. clove, a very pungent aromatic spice obtained from the unexpanded flower bud of the plant Syzygium aromaticum
    Synonym: قورو قرنفل (kuru karanfil)

Derived terms

  • آرناود قرنفلی (arnavud karanfili, “sweet william”)
  • آق قرنفل (ak karanfil, “white carnation”)
  • قرنفل بوستانی (karanfil bostanı, “garden clove-balm”)
  • قرنفل فدانی (karanfil fıdanı, “clove plant”)
  • قرنفل كوكی (karanfil kökü, “root of the wood avens”)
  • قرنفل مرشوش (“picotee”)
  • قرنفل چیچكی (karanfil çiçeği, “carnation”)
  • قرنفل یارپوزی (karanfil yarpuzu, “garden clove-balm”)
  • قورو قرنفل (kuru karanfil, “clove”)
  • هند قرنفلی (hind karanfili, “Indian carnation”)

Descendants

Further reading

click to expand

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَرَنْفُل (qaranful).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? qaranful
Dari reading? qaranful
Iranian reading? ġaranfol
Tajik reading? qaranful

Noun

قرنفل • (qaranfol)

  1. carnation (flower)
  2. clove (spice)

Descendants

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