شاگرد

See also: شاكرد

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hšʾklt' /⁠hašāgird⁠/, “disciple, pupil”), from Proto-Iranian *hašā-kr̥táh-.[1] The first component is from Proto-Iranian *hu-šāk-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu- (“good”) + Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”), while the latter component is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“done, made”).[2] Akin to Old Armenian աշակերտ (ašakert), Aghwan 𐔰𐕐𐔰𐕙𐕄𐔴𐕜 (ašarḳeṭ), Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʃɑː.ɡɪ́ɾd̪̪]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ʃɑː.ɡɪ́ɾd̪̪]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ʃɔː.ɡíɾd̪̪]

Readings
Classical reading? šāgiɾd
Dari reading? šāgiɾd
Iranian reading? šâgeɾd
Tajik reading? šogiɾd
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Noun

شاگرد • (šāgird / šâgerd) (plural شاگردان (šāgirdān / šâgerdân), or شاگردها (šāgird-hā / šâgerd-hâ), Tajik spelling шогирд)[3]

  1. pupil, student, scholar (one who seeks knowledge from others, also used for martial arts students or members of any sports club)
  2. apprentice, journeyman
    Synonym: کارآموز (kâr-âmuz)
  3. (also religion) disciple, follower
  4. page, servant

Descendants

  • → Azerbaijani: şagird
  • → Bashkir: шәкерт (şəkert)
  • → Bengali: শাগরেদ (śagred)
  • → Georgian: შეგირდი (šegirdi)
  • → Gujarati: શાગિર્દ (śāgird)
  • → Hindi: शागिर्द (śāgird)
  • → Urdu: شاگِرْد (śāgird)
  • → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: şagirt, şagird
  • → Ottoman Turkish: شاكرد (şâkird)
  • → Turkmen: şägirt

References

  1. ^ Keith Hitchins; Gocha R. Tsetskhladze; Aleksandre Gvakharia; Thea Chkeidze; Rudi Matthee; Pierre Oberling (2001), “Georgia v. Linguistic Contacts with Iranian Languages”, in Encyclopedia Iranica‎[1], archived from the original on 7 January 2024
  2. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2007), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 340-1
  3. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “hašāgird”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 43

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَاگِرْد (šāgird)

Noun

شاگِرْدُ • (śāgirdu) m (Devanagari शागिर्दु)

  1. (education) student, pupil

Further reading

  • Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “شاگرد”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society, page 356
  • Shirt, George; Thavurdas, Udharam; Mirza, S.F. (1879), “شاگرد”, in A Sindhi-English Dictionary, Karachi: Commissioner's Printing Press, page 558
  • Sindhi Language Authority (2025), “شاگرد”, in Online Sindhi Dictionaries‎[2]

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَاگِرْد (šāgird). First attested in c. 1635 as Middle Hindi شاگِرْد (śagrd).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃɑː.ɡɪɾd̪/
  • Rhymes: -ɪɾd̪
  • Hyphenation: شا‧گِرْد

Noun

شاگِرْد • (śāgird) m (Hindi spelling शागिर्द)

  1. pupil, disciple, apprentice
    Synonym: طالِبِ عِلْم (tālib-i 'ilm)
  2. servant; helper

Further reading

  • “شاگرد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “شاگرد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “شاگرد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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