رستم

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رستم (rustam).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rʊs.tam/

Proper noun

رستم • (rustam) m

  1. (Iranian mythology) Rostam, the greatest hero of Iranian mythology
  2. a male given name, Rustam, from Persian

Further reading

  • Aslanov, M. G. (1985), “رستم”, in Puštu-russkij slovarʹ [Pashto–Russian Dictionary], 2nd edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ser-?
Proto-Indo-European *srew-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *sráwtas
Proto-Iranian *hráwtah
Old Persian 𐎼𐎢𐎫 (r-u-t /⁠rautaʰ⁠⁠/)
Middle Persian lwd (/⁠rōd⁠/)
Middle Persian stʾhmb (/⁠stahm⁠/)
Middle Persian lwtsthm (/⁠rōdstahm⁠/)
Persian رستم

    From Middle Persian lwtsthm (/⁠rōdstahm⁠/), from Middle Persian lwd (/⁠rōd⁠/, “river”, whence modern رود (rud)) and stʾhmb (/⁠stahm⁠/, “force, power”, whence ستم (setam, “injustice, tyranny”)), i.e. “strong as a river”. Akin to Old Armenian Առոստոմ (Aṙostom), Ռոստոմ (Ṙostom), Ռաստոմ (Ṙastom), from Middle Iranian.

    Firdawsī’s great epic, the Shāhnāma, gives the name a folk etymology from رستم (rastam, “I escaped”), because the hero was born by Caesarean section.

    Pronunciation

     

    Readings
    Classical reading? rustam
    Dari reading? rustam
    Iranian reading? rostam
    Tajik reading? rustam

    Proper noun

    رستم • (rustam / rostam) (Tajik spelling Рустам)

    1. (Iranian mythology) Rostam, the greatest hero of Iranian mythology
    2. a male given name, Rostam or Rustam, from Middle Persian

    Derived terms

    • رستم‌پور (rostam-pur)

    Descendants

    • → Arabic: رُسْتُم (rustum)
    • → Azerbaijani: Rüstəm
    • → Bashkir: Рөстәм (Röstəm)
    • → Chagatai: رستم (rstm /⁠rüstäm⁠/)
      • Uyghur: رۇستەم (rustem)
      • Uzbek: Rustam
    • → Georgian: როსტომი (rosṭomi)
    • → Gujarati: રૂસ્તમ (rūstam), રુસ્તમ (rustam)
    • → Hindustani:
      Hindi: रुस्तम (rustam)
      Urdu: رستم (rustam)
    • → Kazakh: Рүстем (Rüstem)
    • → Ottoman Turkish: رستم (rüstem)
      • Turkish: Rüstem
      • → Albanian: Rustem
      • → Russian: Рустем (Rustem)
    • → Tatar: Рөстәм (Röstäm)
    • → Turkmen: Rüstem

    Noun

    رستم • (rostam)

    1. (figurative) great hero

    Urdu

    Etymology

      Borrowed from Classical Persian رُسْتَم (rustam), from Middle Persian lwtsthm (/⁠rōdstahm⁠/), from lwd (/⁠rōd⁠/, “river”) + stʾhmb (/⁠stahm⁠/, “force, power”).

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      رستم • (rustam) m (Hindi spelling रुस्तम)

      1. knight, champion
      This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.