بطريق
Arabic
Etymology
Borrowed from Aramaic פטריק / ܦܛܪܝܩ (/paṭrīq/), from Ancient Greek πατρίκιος (patríkios), from Latin pātricius.
In the "penguin" sense, uncertain. It's been theorized that it was transferred from the sense of "patrician" due to the perceived similarity in color of the flightless sea bird to the color and shape of the patrician's loose black robe. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
بِطْرِيق • (biṭrīq) m (plural بَطَارِيق (baṭārīq) or بَطَارِقَة (baṭāriqa))
- patrician
- Synonyms: بَطْرَيَرْك (baṭrayark), بَطْرَك (baṭrak), بَطْرَق (baṭraq)
- military commander of the Byzantine Empire
- penguin
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | بِطْرِيق biṭrīq |
الْبِطْرِيق al-biṭrīq |
بِطْرِيق biṭrīq |
| nominative | بِطْرِيقٌ biṭrīqun |
الْبِطْرِيقُ al-biṭrīqu |
بِطْرِيقُ biṭrīqu |
| accusative | بِطْرِيقًا biṭrīqan |
الْبِطْرِيقَ al-biṭrīqa |
بِطْرِيقَ biṭrīqa |
| genitive | بِطْرِيقٍ biṭrīqin |
الْبِطْرِيقِ al-biṭrīqi |
بِطْرِيقِ biṭrīqi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | بِطْرِيقَيْن biṭrīqayn |
الْبِطْرِيقَيْن al-biṭrīqayn |
بِطْرِيقَيْ biṭrīqay |
| nominative | بِطْرِيقَانِ biṭrīqāni |
الْبِطْرِيقَانِ al-biṭrīqāni |
بِطْرِيقَا biṭrīqā |
| accusative | بِطْرِيقَيْنِ biṭrīqayni |
الْبِطْرِيقَيْنِ al-biṭrīqayni |
بِطْرِيقَيْ biṭrīqay |
| genitive | بِطْرِيقَيْنِ biṭrīqayni |
الْبِطْرِيقَيْنِ al-biṭrīqayni |
بِطْرِيقَيْ biṭrīqay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | بَطَارِيق; بَطَارِقَة baṭārīq; baṭāriqa |
الْبَطَارِيق; الْبَطَارِقَة al-baṭārīq; al-baṭāriqa |
بَطَارِيق; بَطَارِقَة baṭārīq; baṭāriqat |
| nominative | بَطَارِيقُ; بَطَارِقَةٌ baṭārīqu; baṭāriqatun |
الْبَطَارِيقُ; الْبَطَارِقَةُ al-baṭārīqu; al-baṭāriqatu |
بَطَارِيقُ; بَطَارِقَةُ baṭārīqu; baṭāriqatu |
| accusative | بَطَارِيقَ; بَطَارِقَةً baṭārīqa; baṭāriqatan |
الْبَطَارِيقَ; الْبَطَارِقَةَ al-baṭārīqa; al-baṭāriqata |
بَطَارِيقَ; بَطَارِقَةَ baṭārīqa; baṭāriqata |
| genitive | بَطَارِيقَ; بَطَارِقَةٍ baṭārīqa; baṭāriqatin |
الْبَطَارِيقِ; الْبَطَارِقَةِ al-baṭārīqi; al-baṭāriqati |
بَطَارِيقِ; بَطَارِقَةِ baṭārīqi; baṭāriqati |
References
- “pṭryq”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 279
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880), De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis[1] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, , page 12
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “بطريق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 131
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “بطريق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 217.
- Růžička, Rudolf (1909), “Konsonantische Dissimilation in den semitischen Sprachen”, in Beiträge zur Assyriologie und semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[3] (in German), volume VI, number 4, Leipzig · Baltimore: J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung · The Johns Hopkins Press, pages 10–11
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “بطريق”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 95
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Arabic بِطْرِيق (biṭrīq).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /batˤˈriːɡ/, [batˤˈriːq] ([q] pronunciation)
Noun
بَطْريق • (baṭrīg) m (plural بَطَاريق (baṭārīg))
Usage notes
Both pronunciations can be used but [q] is more common.