بارد
Arabic
Etymology
| Root |
|---|
| ب ر د (b r d) |
| 9 terms |
Derived from the active participle of بَرَدَ (barada, “to be cold, to freeze”). Cognate with Amharic ብርድ (bɨrd).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baː.rid/
Audio: (file)
Adjective
بَارِد • (bārid) (feminine بَارِدَة (bārida), masculine plural بَارِدُون (bāridūn), feminine plural بَارِدَات (bāridāt), elative أَبْرَد (ʔabrad))
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | بَارِد bārid |
الْبَارِد al-bārid |
بَارِدَة bārida |
الْبَارِدَة al-bārida |
| nominative | بَارِدٌ bāridun |
الْبَارِدُ al-bāridu |
بَارِدَةٌ bāridatun |
الْبَارِدَةُ al-bāridatu |
| accusative | بَارِدًا bāridan |
الْبَارِدَ al-bārida |
بَارِدَةً bāridatan |
الْبَارِدَةَ al-bāridata |
| genitive | بَارِدٍ bāridin |
الْبَارِدِ al-bāridi |
بَارِدَةٍ bāridatin |
الْبَارِدَةِ al-bāridati |
| dual | masculine | feminine | ||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | بَارِدَيْن bāridayn |
الْبَارِدَيْن al-bāridayn |
بَارِدَتَيْن bāridatayn |
الْبَارِدَتَيْن al-bāridatayn |
| nominative | بَارِدَانِ bāridāni |
الْبَارِدَانِ al-bāridāni |
بَارِدَتَانِ bāridatāni |
الْبَارِدَتَانِ al-bāridatāni |
| accusative | بَارِدَيْنِ bāridayni |
الْبَارِدَيْنِ al-bāridayni |
بَارِدَتَيْنِ bāridatayni |
الْبَارِدَتَيْنِ al-bāridatayni |
| genitive | بَارِدَيْنِ bāridayni |
الْبَارِدَيْنِ al-bāridayni |
بَارِدَتَيْنِ bāridatayni |
الْبَارِدَتَيْنِ al-bāridatayni |
| plural | masculine | feminine | ||
| sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| informal | بَارِدِين bāridīn |
الْبَارِدِين al-bāridīn |
بَارِدَات bāridāt |
الْبَارِدَات al-bāridāt |
| nominative | بَارِدُونَ bāridūna |
الْبَارِدُونَ al-bāridūna |
بَارِدَاتٌ bāridātun |
الْبَارِدَاتُ al-bāridātu |
| accusative | بَارِدِينَ bāridīna |
الْبَارِدِينَ al-bāridīna |
بَارِدَاتٍ bāridātin |
الْبَارِدَاتِ al-bāridāti |
| genitive | بَارِدِينَ bāridīna |
الْبَارِدِينَ al-bāridīna |
بَارِدَاتٍ bāridātin |
الْبَارِدَاتِ al-bāridāti |
Descendants
- Maltese: biered
- Moroccan Arabic: بارد (bāred)
- → Ottoman Turkish: بارد (barid)
- Turkish: barid
- → Armenian: պարիտ (parit)
- → Swahili: baridi
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “بارد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen
Moroccan Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ب ر د |
| 4 terms |
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baː.rid/
Audio: (file)
Adjective
بارد • (bārid) (feminine باردة (bārda), common plural براد (brād), masculine plural باردين (bārdīn), feminine plural باردات (bārdāt), elative أبرد (ʔabrad) or برد (brad))
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic بَارِد (bārid, “cold, chilly”).
Adjective
بارد • (barid) (feminine بارده (baride))
- cold, chilly, frigid, having a low temperature
- cold, chilly, unfriendly, emotionally distant
- Synonym: صوغوق (soğuk)
Descendants
- Turkish: barid
- → Armenian: պարիտ (parit)
Further reading
click to expand
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “barid”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 470
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “bârid”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 88
- Kélékian, Diran (1911), “بارد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 234
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Frigidus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 617
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “بارد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 644
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “بارد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 319
South Levantine Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ب ر د |
| 4 terms |
Etymology
From Arabic بَارِد (bārid). Equivalent to the active participle of برد (barad, “to become cold”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
بارد • (bāred) (feminine باردة (bārde), common plural باردين (bārdīn), elative أبرد (ʔabrad))
- cold
- الطقس بارد. ― iṭ-ṭaʔs bāred ― The weather is cold.
- unemotional, cold-hearted
- sluggish
- Synonym: خامل (ḵāmel)
Usage notes
See also
| Temperature · حرارة (ḥarāra) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold | Warm | Hot | Hot (Weather) | Very Hot | |
| Noun | برد (bard) | دفا (dafa) | حرّ (ḥarr) | شوب (šōb) | حمّ (ḥamm) |
| Verb | برد (barad) | دفي (difi) | سخن (saḵan) | شوّب (šawwab) | حمي (ḥimi) |
| Adjective | بارد (bāred) | دافي (dāfi) | سخن (suḵn), حارّ (ḥārr) | مشوّب (mšawweb) | حامي (ḥāmi) |
| Feeling | بردان (bardān) | دفيان (dafyān) | شوبان (šōbān) | حميان (ḥamyān) | |