ابتدا
See also: ابتدأ
Chagatai
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidā'), from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).
Noun
ابتدا • (ʾbtdā /ibtidā/)
Adverb
ابتدا • (ʾbtdā /ibtidā/)
- as a beginning, for a commencement
Descendants
Further reading
- Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun; Gheyurani, Ghenizat; Qadir, Isma'il; Ehet, Ablimit (2002), چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language][1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, pages 766-767
- Ünlü, Suat (2013), Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Chagatai Turkic] (in Turkish), Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, →ISBN, page 507
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- ابتداء (ibtidâ')
- իպթիտա (ibtida) — Armeno-Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).
Noun
ابتدا • (ibtidâ) (definite accusative ابتدایی (ibtidâyı))
- beginning, start, commencement
- Synonym: باش (baş)
- ابتدا ایتمك ― ibtidâ etmek ― to start, commence
- ابتدای جلوس ― ibtidâ-yı cülûs ― the start of a reign
- c. 1531, Muhyî, translated by Okuyucu, Cihan and Yazar, Sadık, ترجمهٔ ابتدانامه [tercüme-i ibtidānāme, Translation of İbtidâ-Nâme], Ankara: Turkish Language Association, published 2018, →ISBN, page 116:
- حَمْدُ لَلَّهْ اُولْدِی حَمْدِیلَه بُو اَسْرَارْ اِبْتِدَا
كَرْچِه يُوقْ اَسْرَارِ حَقَّه اِبْتِدَا وُ اِنْتِهَا- hamdu lillâh oldı hamdile bu esrâr ibtidâ
gerçi yok esrâr-ı hakka ibtidâ vü intihâ - (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- hamdu lillâh oldı hamdile bu esrâr ibtidâ
- (poetry) the first prosodic foot of the second hemistich of a verse
Adverb
ابتدا • (ibtidâ)
- as a beginning, for a commencement
- Synonym: ابتدااً (ibtidâ'en)
Derived terms
- ابتدائی (ibtidâ'î, “primitive, fundamental”)
Related terms
Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ب د ء (0 c, 3 e)
Descendants
- Turkish: iptida
Further reading
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ابتدا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 8
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “ibtidâ'”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[3] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 482
- Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “iptida”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
Persian
Etymology
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔib.ti.ˈdaː/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɪb.t̪ʰɪ.d̪ɑ́ː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔeb.t̪ʰe.d̪ɒ́ː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔib.t̪ʰi.d̪ɔ́]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ibtidā |
| Dari reading? | ibtidā |
| Iranian reading? | ebtedâ |
| Tajik reading? | ibtido |
Noun
| Dari | ابتدا |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | ибтидо |
ابتدا • (ebtedâ) (plural ابتداها)
- unhamzated form of ابتداء (“beginning”)
Inflection
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| bare | ابتدا (ebtedấ) | ابتداها (ebtedâ-hấ) |
| definitive direct object | ابتدا را، ابتدا رو△ (ebtedấ râ, ebtedấ ro△) | ابتداها را، ابتداها رو△ (ebtedâ-hấ râ, ebtedâ-hấ ro△) |
| ezâfe | ابتدای (ebtedấ-ye) | ابتداهای (ebtedâ-hấ-ye) |
| marked indefinite or relative definite |
ابتدایی (ebtedấ-i) | ابتداهایی (ebtedâ-hấ-i) |
△ Colloquial.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular (“my”) |
ابتدایم، ابتدام△ (ebtedấyam, ebtedấm△) | ابتداهایم، ابتداهام△ (ebtedâ-hấyam, ebtedâ-hấm△) |
| 2nd person singular (“your”) |
ابتدایت، ابتدات△ (ebtedấyat, ebtedất△) | ابتداهایت، ابتداهات△ (ebtedâ-hấyat, ebtedâ-hất△) |
| 3rd person singular (“his, her, its”) |
ابتدایش، ابتداش△ (ebtedấyaš, ebtedấš△) | ابتداهایش، ابتداهاش△ (ebtedâ-hấyaš, ebtedâ-hấš△) |
| 1st person plural (“our”) |
ابتدایمان، ابتدامون△ (ebtedấyemân, ebtedấmun△) | ابتداهایمان، ابتداهامون△ (ebtedâ-hấyemân, ebtedâ-hấmun△) |
| 2nd person plural (“your”) |
ابتدایتان، ابتداتون△ (ebtedấyetân, ebtedấtun△) | ابتداهایتان، ابتداهاتون△ (ebtedâ-hấyetân, ebtedâ-hấtun△) |
| 3rd person plural (“their”) |
ابتدایشان، ابتداشون△ (ebtedấyešân, ebtedấšun△) | ابتداهایشان، ابتداهاشون△ (ebtedâ-hấyešân, ebtedâ-hấšun△) |
△ Colloquial.
Adverb
ابتدا • (ebtedâ)
- unhamzated form of ابتداء (“firstly, first”)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɪb.t̪ɪ.d̪ɑː/
- Rhymes: -ɑː
Noun
اِبْتِدا • (ibtidā) f (Hindi spelling इब्तिदा)