שגל

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
שׁ־ג־ל (sh-g-l)
1 term

Cognate with Arabic سَجَلَ (sajala, “pour out or draw water”), with its meaning being transferred to a sexual context.

Pronunciation

Verb

שָׁגַל • (shagál) (pa'al construction, future יִשְׁגַּל, passive counterpart נִשְׁגַּל)

  1. (Biblical Hebrew, vulgar, transitive) to violate, lie with (literally, “ejaculate in, inseminate”)
    • Tanach, Deuteronomy 28:30:
      אִשָּׁה תְאָרֵשׂ וְאִישׁ אַחֵר יִשְׁגָּלֶנָּה [יִשְׁכָּבֶנָּה] בַּיִת תִּבְנֶה וְלֹא־תֵשֵׁב בּוֹ כֶּרֶם תִּטַּע וְלֹא תְחַלְּלֶנּוּ׃
      You will betroth a woman for yourself and another man will sleep with her [orgasm in her]; you will build a house but not dwell in it; you will plant a vineyard but not come to use it.

Conjugation

Conjugation of שָׁגַל (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לשגול / לִשְׁגֹּל
action noun שְׁגִילָה
passive participle שָׁגוּל
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first שָׁגַלְתִּי שָׁגַלְנוּ
second שָׁגַלְתָּ שָׁגַלְתְּ שְׁגַלְתֶּם1 שְׁגַלְתֶּן1
third שָׁגַל שָׁגְלָה שָׁגְלוּ
present שׁוֹגֵל שׁוֹגֶלֶת שׁוֹגְלִים שׁוֹגְלוֹת
future first אֶשְׁגַּל נִשְׁגַּל
second תִּשְׁגַּל תִּשְׁגְּלִי תִּשְׁגְּלוּ תִּשְׁגַּלְנָה2
third יִשְׁגַּל תִּשְׁגַּל יִשְׁגְּלוּ תִּשְׁגַּלְנָה2
imperative positive שְׁגַל שִׁגְלִי שִׁגְלוּ שְׁגַלְנָה2
negative אַל + Second person future tense

1 Pronounced שָׁגַלְתֶּם and שָׁגַלְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Usage notes

The Masoretes deemed this word to be obscene and replaced the Qere in all instances with שָׁכַב (shakháv).

See also

  • (intensive) שוגל / שֻׁגַּל (shugál)
  • (Aramaic borrowing) שֵׁגַל (shegál, “queen”)

References

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