עמלק

Hebrew

Etymology

Unknown.^[1]

Edward Lipinski theorized that it is related to Akkadian 𒄩𒈪𒈛𒄭 (ḫamiluḫḫi),^[2] itself likely a borrowing from Hurrian [script needed] (ḫalvi, “enclosure”).^[3]

Richard C. Steiner has suggested that the name is derived from the Egyptian 𓂝𓄿𓅓𓅱𓂋𓈎𓂢 (*ꜥꜣm rqj, “hostile Asiatic”), possibly referring to Shasu tribesmen from around Edom.^[4]

Proper noun

עֲמָלֵק • (ʿămālēq) m^[5]

(Biblical Hebrew) son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timnah, grandson of Esau, and progenitor of a tribe of people in southern Canaan.
(Biblical Hebrew) In reference to the land or nation of the Amalekites.
- Tanach, Numbers 24:20, with translation of NASB20:
  וַיַּרְא אֶת־עֲמָלֵק וַיִּשָּׂא מְשָׁלוֹ וַיֹּאמַר רֵאשִׁית גּוֹיִם עֲמָלֵק וְאַחֲרִיתוֹ עֲדֵי אֹבֵד׃
  And he looked at Amalek and took up his discourse and said, "Amalek was the first of the nations, But his end shall be destruction."

Descendants

→ Ancient Greek: Ἀμᾱλήκ (Amālḗk)
- Greek: Αμαλήκ (Amalík)
- → Latin: Amālēc
  - → English: Amalec
  - → Portuguese: Amalec
  - → Spanish: Amalec
→ English: Amalek, Amalec
- → Lambya: Amaleki
- → Malawi Lomwe: Amaleke
- → Tumbuka: Amaleki
- → Tonga (Malawi): Amaleke
- → Yao: Amaleki

References

^ Weippert, M. (1974), “Semitische Nomaden des zweiten Jahrtausends”, in Biblica, volume 55, →JSTOR, pages 265–280, 427–433
^ Lipiński, Edward (2006), On the Skirts of Canaan in the Iron Age: Historical and Topographical Researches (Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta), volume 153, Leuven, Belgium: Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 368
^ PalaeoLexicon (From Gernot 2008)
^ Richard C. Steiner (2024), “Merenptah's Israel, his Shasu militiamen, his copper caravan route, and the watering stations bearing his name at Kadesh-barnea and Me-nephtoah: Part One”, in Brian P. Muhs and Foy D. Scalf, editor, A Master of Secrets in the Chamber of Darkness: Egyptological Studies in Honor of Robert K. Ritner Presented on the Occasion of His Sixty-Eighth Birthday, Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, →ISBN, pages 382–383
^ H6002 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

[1] Weippert, M. (1974), “Semitische Nomaden des zweiten Jahrtausends”, in Biblica, volume 55, →JSTOR, pages 265–280, 427–433

[Lipiński2006-2] Lipiński, Edward (2006), On the Skirts of Canaan in the Iron Age: Historical and Topographical Researches (Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta), volume 153, Leuven, Belgium: Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 368

[3] PalaeoLexicon (From Gernot 2008)

[4] Richard C. Steiner (2024), “Merenptah's Israel, his Shasu militiamen, his copper caravan route, and the watering stations bearing his name at Kadesh-barnea and Me-nephtoah: Part One”, in Brian P. Muhs and Foy D. Scalf, editor, A Master of Secrets in the Chamber of Darkness: Egyptological Studies in Honor of Robert K. Ritner Presented on the Occasion of His Sixty-Eighth Birthday, Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, →ISBN, pages 382–383

[5] H6002 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

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