գէշ
Old Armenian
Alternative forms
- գիշ (giš) (post-classical, back-formation from compounds such as գիշ-ակեր (giš-aker))
Etymology
The origin is uncertain.[1][2] Since Scheftelowitz usually connected with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬵 (vaēšah, “decay, decomposition”), Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás (“poison, venom”), Proto-Germanic *waisǭ (“mire, muck, slime”), either as an inheritance from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to flow; poison”) or a borrowing from an Iranian cognate.[3][4][5][6][7][8] However, both theories face phonological difficulties: the -շ (-š) from *-s- is irregular for an inheritance, while the initial գ- (g-) instead of վ- (v-) is unexpected for an Iranian loan.
Noun
գէշ • (gēš)
- corpse, carrion, dead body
- գէշ արկանել ― gēš arkanel ― to devour or make beasts eat
- ripped piece of body
- գէշ գէշ պատառիլ ― gēš gēš pataṙil ― to be torn into pieces
- (by extension) a piece of anything broken, a splinter, fragment
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | գէշ (gēš) | գէշք (gēškʻ) |
| genitive | գիշոյ (gišoy) | գիշոց (gišocʻ) |
| dative | գիշոյ (gišoy) | գիշոց (gišocʻ) |
| accusative | գէշ (gēš) | գէշս (gēšs) |
| ablative | գիշոյ (gišoy) | գիշոց (gišocʻ) |
| instrumental | գիշով (gišov) | գիշովք (gišovkʻ) |
| locative | գէշ (gēš) | գէշս (gēšs) |
the genitive singular can also be գիշի (giši) and the genitive plural գիշուց (gišucʻ)
Adjective
գէշ • (gēš)
Derived terms
- գազանագէշ (gazanagēš)
- գէշագէշ (gēšagēš)
- գէշութիւն (gēšutʻiwn)
- գիշագէշ (gišagēš)
- գիշախանծ (gišaxanc)
- գիշախանձ (gišaxanj)
- գիշախանձեալ (gišaxanjeal)
- գիշախոտ (gišaxot)
- գիշակեր (gišaker)
- գիշահոտ (gišahot)
- գիշահոտութիւն (gišahotutʻiwn)
- գիշամուխ (gišamux)
- գիշատեմ (gišatem)
- գիշատեսակ (gišatesak)
- գիշաքարշ (gišakʻarš)
- գիշեմ (gišem)
- գիշութիւն (gišutʻiwn)
- դամբանագէշ (dambanagēš)
- հոգէգէշ (hogēgēš)
Descendants
- Armenian: գեշ (geš)
References
- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971), “գէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 550
- ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999), The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 940
- ^ Scheftelowitz, J. (1926), “Das sp-Suffix im Altindischen und in den verwandten Sprachen”, in Beiträge zur Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte Indiens: Festgabe Hermann Jacobi zum 75. Geburtstag (in German), page 28
- ^ Scheftelowitz, J. (1928), “Die verbalen und nominalen sk̑- und sk-Stämme im Arischen und Armenischen”, in Zeitschrift für Indologie und Iranistik[1] (in German), volume 6, page 123
- ^ Ġapʻancʻyan, Grigor (1927), “Hneabanakan” mi kʻani mnacʻordner hayerenum, Stugabanutʻyunner – “aṙiwc”, “morm”, “xlēz” [Some "paleontological" remains in Armenian; Etymologies – “aṙiwc”, “morm”, “xlēz”] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Haypoligrafhrat № 2 Press, page 18
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “³u̯eis-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1134
- ^ Džaukjan, G. B. (1967), Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language][2] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 255
- ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “գէշ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 159b
Further reading
- Awetikʻean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “գէշ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879), “գէշ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy