тоқал
Kazakh
Etymology
Ultimately from Old Chinese 禿 (*tʰoːɡ, “bald, bare, blunt”). Compare Karakhanid [script needed] (toq, “hornless, bald”), [script needed] (toqlï, “calf”), Bashkir туҡал (tuqal), Nogai токал (tokal), Mongolian дугал (dugal). Doublet of доғал (doğal).
The word's meaning shifted from "hornless" to "younger wife" by comparing a younger wife to a hornless cow, both being seen as helpless.
Noun
тоқал • (toqal)
- hornless
- short
- blunt, with a broken top
- another wife in a polygamous marriage; a younger wife
- Antonym: бәйбіше (bäibışe)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | тоқал (toqal) | тоқалдар (toqaldar) |
| genitive | тоқалдың (toqaldyñ) | тоқалдардың (toqaldardyñ) |
| dative | тоқалға (toqalğa) | тоқалдарға (toqaldarğa) |
| accusative | тоқалды (toqaldy) | тоқалдарды (toqaldardy) |
| locative | тоқалда (toqalda) | тоқалдарда (toqaldarda) |
| ablative | тоқалдан (toqaldan) | тоқалдардан (toqaldardan) |
| instrumental | тоқалмен (toqalmen) | тоқалдармен (toqaldarmen) |
| similative | тоқалдай (toqaldai) | тоқалдарда (toqaldarda) |
References
- “тоқал” in Sozdik.kk.