стена

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stenàti.

• IPA^(key): [ˈstɛnɐ]
• Rhymes: -ɛnɐ
• Syllabification^(key): сте‧на

сте́на • (sténa) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to groan, to moan

   сте́на от болка ― sténa ot bolka ― to groan out of pain

• стон (ston) (action noun)

• “сте́на (гл.)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “стена (3)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “сте́нѫ, -ешь; -налъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 256
• Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стена”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 448
• “стенати”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2026

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stěna, reflecting an earlier *staiˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”).

стена́ • (stená) f (dialectal, obsolete)

1. rock, crag

   Synonyms: скала́ (skalá), канара́ (kanará)

• стено́ n (stenó)

• Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стена”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 447

Either a secondary meaning of Etymology 2 or from a different *stěna, reflecting an earlier *stēˀgsnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”). Many scholars do not draw etymological distinction between the two senses.

• IPA^(key): [stɛˈna]
• Rhymes: -na
• Syllabification^(key): сте‧на

стена́ • (stená) f (relational adjective сте́нен) (standard)

1. wall (of a building)

   стена на стая ― stena na staja ― a room's wall

   язовирна стена ― jazovirna stena ― a dam's wall

2. (geometry) wall; face (any of the flat bounding surfaces of a polyhedron)

   фигура с четири стени ― figura s četiri steni ― a figure with four faces

3. (figurative) wall (that which isolates and separates people socially)

стена (stena) refers to any sort of external surface, regardless of make-up. Hyponyms зид (zid), дувар (duvar) specifically denote built-up walls, made of stone or bricks.

• стено- (steno-) (in compounds)
  • стенола́зка (stenolázka, “wallcreeper”) (type of bird)
  • стенопи́с (stenopís, “fresco”)

• “стена́ (същ.)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “стена (1)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “стѣна́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 280

• сатен (saten), стаен (staen), сенат (senat)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stěna.

• IPA^(key): [ˈstɛna]

• Audio:

  (file)

стена • (stena) f (plural стени)

1. rock (mass of projecting rock)

   Synonym: карпа (karpa)

2. (dialectal) wall

   Synonym: ѕид (dzid)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stěna, see also English stone and stain.

• стѣна́ (stěná) — pre-1918 spelling

• IPA^(key): [sʲtʲɪˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

стена́ • (stená) f inan (genitive стены́, nominative plural сте́ны, genitive plural стен, relational adjective стенно́й, diminutive сте́нка)

1. wall

   запере́ться в четырёх стена́х ― zaperétʹsja v četyrjóx stenáx ― to immure oneself (literally, “to lock up oneself up in four walls”)

   би́ться голово́й об сте́ну ― bítʹsja golovój ob sténu ― to beat one's head against the wall

   как об сте́ну горо́х ― kak ob sténu goróx ― like talking to a wall

   как за ка́менной стено́й ― kak za kámennoj stenój ― safe (literally, “like behind a stone wall”)

   • 1905, Фёдор Сологуб [Fyodor Sologub], chapter XX, in Мелкий бес; English translation from John Cournos and Richard Aldington, transl., The Little Demon, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1916:

     "Что ж, ка́жется, всё хорошо́: запрещённых кни́жек не ви́дно, лампа́дки те́плятся, ца́рские портре́ты вися́т на стене́, на почётном ме́сте".

     "Što ž, kážetsja, vsjo xorošó: zapreščónnyx knížek ne vídno, lampádki tépljatsja, cárskije portréty visját na stené, na počótnom méste".

     " Well, everything seems all right—there are no forbidden books visible, the ikon-lamps are alight, the Royal portraits are hanging in the place of honour on the wall."

• засте́нок m (zasténok), засте́нки m pl (zasténki)
• засте́нный (zasténnyj)
• насте́нный (nasténnyj)
• присте́нок m (pristénok)

Compounds:

• стенгазе́та f (stengazéta)
• стеноби́тный (stenobítnyj)

• засте́нчивый (zasténčivyj)

Borrowed

Derived from German Stein:

• кронште́йн m (kronštéjn)

• → Kildin Sami: сте̄нн (stienn)
• → Southern Yukaghir: иччэнаа (iččenā)
• → Yakut: истиэнэ (istiene)

• IPA^(key): [ˈstɛnə] (phonetic respelling: стэ́на)

сте́на • (stɛ́na) m inan

1. genitive singular of стен (stɛn)

• стије́на (Ijekavian)
• stina (Ikavian)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stěna.

• IPA^(key): /stěːna/
• Hyphenation: сте‧на

сте́на f (Latin spelling sténa)

1. rock (naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter)