калач
Russian
Alternative forms
- кола́чъ (koláč) — pre-1918 spelling
- кола́ч (koláč) — pre-1956 spelling
Etymology
From кола́ч (koláč) (through akanye), from Proto-Slavic *kolačь, a derivation of *kolo (“circle, wheel”). By surface analysis, колесо́ (kolesó) + -ач (-ač). Cognate to Ukrainian кола́ч (koláč), Bulgarian кола́ч (koláč), Serbo-Croatian kòlač, Slovak koláč, Czech koláč, Polish kołacz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɐˈɫat͡ɕ]
- Rhymes: -at͡ɕ
Noun
кала́ч • (kaláč) m inan (genitive калача́, nominative plural калачи́, genitive plural калаче́й, relational adjective кала́чный or кала́шный, diminutive кала́чик)
- kalach (traditional East Slavic bread shaped like a padlock or a wheel)
- 1877, Лев Толстой [Leo Tolstoy], “Часть IV Глава XV”, in Анна Каренина; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Anna Karenina, 1901:
- Лё́вин попро́бовал отпи́ть ко́фе и положи́ть кала́ч в рот, но рот его́ реши́тельно не знал, что де́лать с калачо́м.
- Ljóvin popróboval otpítʹ kófe i položítʹ kaláč v rot, no rot jevó rešítelʹno ne znal, što délatʹ s kalačóm.
- Levin tried to drink coffee and put some roll in his mouth, but his mouth was quite at a loss what to do with the roll.
Declension
Declension of кала́ч (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b)
Derived terms
- кала́чик m (kaláčik)
- кала́чиком (kaláčikom)
- кала́чник m anim (kaláčnik), кала́шник m anim (kalášnik)
- Кала́шников (Kalášnikov)
Compounds:
- тёртый кала́ч m (tjórtyj kaláč)
- From кала́шный (kalášnyj):
- со свины́м ры́лом в кала́шный ряд (so sviným rýlom v kalášnyj rjad)
- Phrases
- калачо́м не зама́нишь (kalačóm ne zamánišʹ)
Descendants
- → Finnish: kalatši
- → Kazakh: қалаш (qalaş, “kalach”)
- → Khakas: халас (xalas, “kalach, bread”)
- → Northern Altai: калач (kalač, “bread”), калаш (kalaš, “roll of bread”)
- → Shor: қалаш (qalaş, “bread”)
- → Southern Altai: калаш (kalaš, “bread”)
- → Yup'ik: kalaciq
See also
- кре́ндель (kréndelʹ)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “колач”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- The template Template:R:ru:Tsyganenko does not use the parameter(s):
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Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Tsyhanenko, H. P. (1989), “калач”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Kyiv: Radjanska shkola, →ISBN
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “калач”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.