есь

Ket

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *es (“sky; god”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /¹es/, [eˑsʲ˧]

Noun

есь (ēsʲ) m or n (plural есяӈ, see usage notes)

sky; weather, open air
god, main beneficient sky deity in traditional Ket mythology; deity, spirit

Usage notes

Capitalized in Christian contexts, like Есь (“God”).^[3]
The plural form, есяӈ (èsaŋ), is only used for the first sense, 'god'. The second sense, 'sky; weather', is always in the singular number.
The masculine gender form is only used for the first sense, 'god'. The second sense, 'sky; weather', is always in the neuter gender.

Adjective

есь (ēsʲ)

wild, forested, untouched (of land)

References

^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=62&root=config
^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 293
^ Werner, Heinrich (2002), Словарь кетско-русский и русско-кетский: Учебное пособие для учащихся начальной школы‎^[1], 2 edition, Saint-Petersburg: Drofa, →ISBN, page 38

Further reading

Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 272-273
Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, pages 171-172

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈjesʲ]
Rhymes: -esʲ

Verb

есь • (jesʹ)

(archaic, chiefly obsolete) second-person singular present indicative imperfective of быть (bytʹ); (you) are, (thou) art
Synonym: еси́ (jesí)
- 1784, Gavrila Derzhavin, Бог [The God]:
  Ты свет, откуда свет истёк.
  Создавый всe единым словом,
  В твореньи простираясь новом,
  Ты был, ты есь, ты будешь ввек!
  Ty svet, otkuda svet istyok.
  Sozdavyj vsyo jedinym slovom,
  v tvorenyi prostirajas' novom,
  Ty byl, ty jes' ty budesh' vvek.
  Thou art the light from where the light has come.
  Thou who created all with one thy word,
  spreading in new creation,
  Thou wast, thou art, thou wilt be forever.
- 1880, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Братья Карамазовы [The Brothers Karamazov]:
  Ты хочешь побороть меня реализмом, уверить меня, что ты есь, но я не хочу верить, что ты есь! Не поверю!!
  Ty khóchesh' poborót' menyá realízmom, uvérit' menyá, chto ty jes', no ja ne khochú verit', chto ty jes'! Ne povéryu!!
  You want to overcome me with realism, to convince me that you are, but I don't want to believe you are! I won't believe it!!