акам
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈakɐm]
Audio (Standard Bulgarian): (file) - Rhymes: -akɐm
- Syllabification(key): а‧кам
- Hyphenation(key): акам
Etymology 1
Childish sound-symbolic/onomatopoeic word; compare to а́ко (áko), а́ки (áki).
Verb
а́кам • (ákam) first-singular present indicative, impf
Derived terms
verbs
- иза́кам pf (izákam), иза́квам impf (izákvam)
- наа́кам pf (naákam), наа́квам impf (naákvam)
- поа́кам pf (poákam), поа́квам impf (poákvam)
Etymology 2
From а (a) + -кам (-kam). Cf. я́кам (jákam, “pronounce with a value of ya”).
Verb
а́кам • (ákam) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (Bulgarian linguistics, intransitive) to pronounce (the Old Bulgarian vowel yus (ѫ)) as /a/, as opposed to /ɤ/.
Related terms
Conjugation
Conjugation of а́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | а́кащ ákašt |
а́кал, ака́л1 ákal, akál1 |
а́кал ákal |
— | а́кайки ákajki | |
| definite subject form | а́кащият ákaštijat |
а́калият, ака́лият1 ákalijat, akálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | а́кащия ákaštija |
а́калия, ака́лия1 ákalija, akálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | а́каща ákašta |
а́кала, ака́ла1 ákala, akála1 |
а́кала ákala |
— | ||
| definite | а́кащата ákaštata |
а́калата, ака́лата1 ákalata, akálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | а́кащо ákašto |
а́кало, ака́ло1 ákalo, akálo1 |
а́кало ákalo |
— | а́кане ákane | |
| definite | а́кащото ákaštoto |
а́калото, ака́лото1 ákaloto, akáloto1 |
— | — | а́кането ákaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | а́кащи ákašti |
а́кали, ака́ли1 ákali, akáli1 |
а́кали ákali |
— | а́кания, а́канета ákanija, ákaneta | |
| definite | а́кащите ákaštite |
а́калите, ака́лите1 ákalite, akálite1 |
— | — | а́канията, а́канетата ákanijata, ákanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | а́кам ákam |
а́каш ákaš |
а́ка áka |
а́каме ákame |
а́кате ákate |
а́кат ákat | |
| imperfect | а́ках ákah |
а́каше ákaše |
а́каше ákaše |
а́кахме ákahme |
а́кахте ákahte |
а́каха ákaha | |
| aorist | а́ках, ака́х1 ákah, akáh1 |
а́ка, ака́1 áka, aká1 |
а́ка, ака́1 áka, aká1 |
а́кахме, ака́хме1 ákahme, akáhme1 |
а́кахте, ака́хте1 ákahte, akáhte1 |
а́каха, ака́ха1 ákaha, akáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and а́кал m, а́кала f, а́кало n, or а́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and а́кал m, а́кала f, а́кало n, or а́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and а́кал m, а́кала f, а́кало n, or а́кали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and а́кал/ака́л1 m, а́кала/ака́ла1 f, а́кало/ака́ло1 n, or а́кали/ака́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| а́кай ákaj |
а́кайте ákajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
References
- “акам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “акам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “а̀кам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 6
- “акам”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, →ISBN, page 21