σπίδιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Part of a family of words (see in Derived and Related Terms) which fell out of colloquial use to the point where Ancient writers were no longer sure of the exact meanings of the terms. Possibly related to Latin spissus (“laborious, slow, dense”), suggesting a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *speyd-, a *d-extension of the root *spey- (“to expand, extend, stretch”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. Beekes considers Lithuanian spi̇̀sti (“to begin to swarm (of bees), gather”) to be unrelated, in view of the word's proto-root requiring a *-t rather than a *-d,^[1] though it appears possible that the Lithuanian is simply a different extension of the same root.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spí.di.os/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈspi.di.os/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈspi.ði.os/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈspi.ði.os/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈspi.ði.os/

Adjective

σπῐ́δῐος • (spĭ́dĭos) m (feminine σπῐδίᾱ, neuter σπίδῐον); first/second declension

extensive, wide

Declension

First and second declension of σπῐ́δῐος; σπῐδῐ́ᾱ; σπῐ́δῐον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	σπῐ́δῐος spĭ́dĭos	σπῐδῐ́ᾱ spĭdĭ́ā	σπῐ́δῐον spĭ́dĭon	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐδῐ́ᾱ spĭdĭ́ā	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐ́δῐοι spĭ́dĭoi	σπῐ́δῐαι spĭ́dĭai	σπῐ́δῐᾰ spĭ́dĭă
Genitive	σπῐδῐ́ου spĭdĭ́ou	σπῐδῐ́ᾱς spĭdĭ́ās	σπῐδῐ́ου spĭdĭ́ou	σπῐδῐ́οιν spĭdĭ́oin	σπῐδῐ́αιν spĭdĭ́ain	σπῐδῐ́οιν spĭdĭ́oin	σπῐδῐ́ων spĭdĭ́ōn	σπῐδῐ́ων spĭdĭ́ōn	σπῐδῐ́ων spĭdĭ́ōn
Dative	σπῐδῐ́ῳ spĭdĭ́ōi	σπῐδῐ́ᾳ spĭdĭ́āi	σπῐδῐ́ῳ spĭdĭ́ōi	σπῐδῐ́οιν spĭdĭ́oin	σπῐδῐ́αιν spĭdĭ́ain	σπῐδῐ́οιν spĭdĭ́oin	σπῐδῐ́οις spĭdĭ́ois	σπῐδῐ́αις spĭdĭ́ais	σπῐδῐ́οις spĭdĭ́ois
Accusative	σπῐ́δῐον spĭ́dĭon	σπῐδῐ́ᾱν spĭdĭ́ān	σπῐ́δῐον spĭ́dĭon	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐδῐ́ᾱ spĭdĭ́ā	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐδῐ́ους spĭdĭ́ous	σπῐδῐ́ᾱς spĭdĭ́ās	σπῐ́δῐᾰ spĭ́dĭă
Vocative	σπῐ́δῐε spĭ́dĭe	σπῐδῐ́ᾱ spĭdĭ́ā	σπῐ́δῐον spĭ́dĭon	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐδῐ́ᾱ spĭdĭ́ā	σπῐδῐ́ω spĭdĭ́ō	σπῐ́δῐοι spĭ́dĭoi	σπῐ́δῐαι spĭ́dĭai	σπῐ́δῐᾰ spĭ́dĭă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	σπῐδῐ́ως spĭdĭ́ōs			σπῐδῐώτερος spĭdĭṓteros			σπῐδῐώτᾰτος spĭdĭṓtătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀσπιδής (aspidḗs)
σπιδέος (spidéos)
σπῐδής (spĭdḗs)
σπῐδνός (spĭdnós)
σπίζω (spízō)

Related terms

ᾰ̓σπίς (ăspís) (possibly)
ἑλεσπῐ́ς (helespĭ́s) (possibly)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “σπίδιος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1382: “header > line 2 > σπιδνόν”