πῶλος

Ancient Greek

From Proto-Indo-European *pōlH-o-s, from *pelH- (“young animal”). Compare Latin pullus. Also see Proto-Germanic *fulô (“foal”) (whence Old English fola > English foal), Old Armenian ուլ (ul, “kid, fawn”).^[1]

πῶλος • (pôlos) m or f (genitive πώλου); second declension

foal, young horse, whether colt or filly
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.222
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.246
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Zacharias 9:9:
  Χαῖρε σφόδρα θύγατερ Σιὼν, κήρυσσε θύγατερ Ἱερουσαλήμ· ἰδοὺ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἔρχεταί σοι δίκαιος καὶ σῴζων, αὐτὸς πραῢς, καὶ ἐπιβεβηκὼς ἐπὶ ὑποζύγιον καὶ πῶλον νέον.
  Khaîre sphódra thúgater Siṑn, kḗrusse thúgater Hierousalḗm; idoù ho basileùs érkhetaí soi díkaios kaì sōízōn, autòs praǜs, kaì epibebēkṑs epì hupozúgion kaì pôlon néon.
  Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Sion; proclaim it aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem; behold, the King is coming to thee, just and a Saviour; he is meek, and riding upon an ass and a young foal.
1. a young animal, especially domestic
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 9.1,32
2. (poetic) a young girl, maiden
  - 100 BCE – 600 CE, Anacreontea 75
a Corinthian coin, from the figure of Pegasus on it
- 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 676

Second declension of ὁ πῶλος; τοῦ πώλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πῶλος ho pôlos	τὼ πώλω tṑ pṓlō	οἱ πῶλοι hoi pôloi
Genitive	τοῦ πώλου toû pṓlou	τοῖν πώλοιν toîn pṓloin	τῶν πώλων tôn pṓlōn
Dative	τῷ πώλῳ tōî pṓlōi	τοῖν πώλοιν toîn pṓloin	τοῖς πώλοις toîs pṓlois
Accusative	τὸν πῶλον tòn pôlon	τὼ πώλω tṑ pṓlō	τοὺς πώλους toùs pṓlous
Vocative	πῶλε pôle	πώλω pṓlō	πῶλοι pôloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

From the diminutive πωλίον (pōlíon)

From the diminutive πωλάριον (pōlárion)

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πῶλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1266

“πῶλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“πῶλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“πῶλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
πῶλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
πῶλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“πῶλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G4454 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- charger idem, page 125.
- colt idem, page 144.
- filly idem, page 320.
- foal idem, page 331.
- horse idem, page 406.
- young idem, page 997.
πῶλος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011