πτώξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to and perhaps back-formed from πτώσσω (ptṓssō, “to cower, crouch, cringe”), with original meaning "one who ducks away, the shy one". See also the potentially-related πτωχός (ptōkhós, “beggar (one who crouches)”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ptɔ̌ːks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈptoks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈptoks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈptoks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈptoks/

Noun

πτώξ • (ptṓx) m (genitive πτωκός); third declension

cowering animal, hare
Synonyms: δᾰσῠ́πους (dăsŭ́pous), λᾰγώς (lăgṓs)
(figuratively) coward

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ πτώξ; τοῦ πτωκός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πτώξ ho ptṓx	τὼ πτῶκε tṑ ptôke	οἱ πτῶκες hoi ptôkes
Genitive	τοῦ πτωκός toû ptōkós	τοῖν πτωκοῖν toîn ptōkoîn	τῶν πτωκῶν tôn ptōkôn
Dative	τῷ πτωκῐ́ tōî ptōkĭ́	τοῖν πτωκοῖν toîn ptōkoîn	τοῖς πτωξῐ́ / πτωξῐ́ν toîs ptōxĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν πτῶκᾰ tòn ptôkă	τὼ πτῶκε tṑ ptôke	τοὺς πτῶκᾰς toùs ptôkăs
Vocative	πτώξ ptṓx	πτῶκε ptôke	πτῶκες ptôkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πτώξ, -κός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1252