μόσχος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

According to Beekes, related to Old Armenian մոզի (mozi, “calf”) and maybe from a Proto-Indo-European *mosǵʰ-o- (“young of an animal; young shoot”). The appurtenance of Lithuanian mãzgas (“bud of a tree; knot”) to the Greco-Armenian terms is less certain and straightforward.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.kʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/

Noun

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

young shoot or twig
(botany) leafstalk; petiole
calf; young bull
any young animal

Declension

Second declension of ὁ μόσχος; τοῦ μόσχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μόσχος ho móskhos	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	οἱ μόσχοι hoi móskhoi
Genitive	τοῦ μόσχου toû móskhou	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τῶν μόσχων tôn móskhōn
Dative	τῷ μόσχῳ tōî móskhōi	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τοῖς μόσχοις toîs móskhois
Accusative	τὸν μόσχον tòn móskhon	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	τοὺς μόσχους toùs móskhous
Vocative	μόσχε móskhe	μόσχω móskhō	μόσχοι móskhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

μονόμοσχος (monómoskhos)
μοσχᾰ́ρῐον (moskhắrĭon)
μοσχᾰ́ς (moskhắs)
μοσχεῐ́ᾱ (moskheĭ́ā)
μόσχευμᾰ (móskheumă)
μόσχευσῐς (móskheusĭs)
μοσχεύω (moskheúō)
μοσχῆ (moskhê)
μοσχηδόν (moskhēdón)
μοσχῐ́ᾱς (moskhĭ́ās)
μοσχῐ́δῐον (moskhĭ́dĭon)
μόσχῐνος (móskhĭnos)
μοσχῐ́ον (moskhĭ́on)
μόσχῐος (móskhĭos)
μοσχοποιέω (moskhopoiéō)
μοσχόταυρος (moskhótauros)
μοσχοτομέᾱ (moskhotoméā)
μοσχοτόμος (moskhotómos)
μοσχοτρόφος (moskhotróphos)
μοσχοφᾰ́γος (moskhophắgos)
μοσχών (moskhṓn)

Descendants

→ Classical Syriac: ܡܘܣܟܘܣ

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwšk' /⁠*mušk⁠/), itself from Sanskrit मु॒ष्क (muṣká, “testicle”); compare also μύσχον (múskhon, “genitalia”).^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mós.kʰos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.kʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmos.xos/

Noun

μόσχος • (móskhos) m (genitive μόσχου); second declension

musk

Declension

Second declension of ὁ μόσχος; τοῦ μόσχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μόσχος ho móskhos	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	οἱ μόσχοι hoi móskhoi
Genitive	τοῦ μόσχου toû móskhou	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τῶν μόσχων tôn móskhōn
Dative	τῷ μόσχῳ tōî móskhōi	τοῖν μόσχοιν toîn móskhoin	τοῖς μόσχοις toîs móskhois
Accusative	τὸν μόσχον tòn móskhon	τὼ μόσχω tṑ móskhō	τοὺς μόσχους toùs móskhous
Vocative	μόσχε móskhe	μόσχω móskhō	μόσχοι móskhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

μοσχῑ́της (moskhī́tēs)

Descendants

Greek: μόσχος (móschos)
- → Romanian: mosc
→ Late Latin: muscus (see there for further descendants)
→ Translingual: Moschus

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μόσχος 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 970-1
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μόσχος 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 971

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Further reading