μυελός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

μυαλός (mualós)

Etymology

Unclear. The word has been linked with μυών (muṓn, “cluster of muscles”) because both marrow and muscles are soft in texture. Chantraine's derivation from Pre-Greek is tentatively supported by Beekes.^[1]

Pronunciation

In Homer, μῡελός:

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /myː.e.lós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mi.eˈlos/

In Attic, μῠελός:

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /my.e.lós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /my.eˈlos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mi.eˈlos/

Noun

μυελός • (muelós) m (genitive μυελοῦ); second declension

(anatomy) marrow
inmost part, marrow
(figuratively) best part
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 45.18

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ μυελός; τοῦ μυελοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ μυελός ho muelós	τὼ μυελώ tṑ muelṓ	οἱ μυελοί hoi mueloí
Genitive	τοῦ μυελοῦ toû mueloû	τοῖν μυελοῖν toîn mueloîn	τῶν μυελῶν tôn muelôn
Dative	τῷ μυελῷ tōî muelōî	τοῖν μυελοῖν toîn mueloîn	τοῖς μυελοῖς toîs mueloîs
Accusative	τὸν μυελόν tòn muelón	τὼ μυελώ tṑ muelṓ	τοὺς μυελούς toùs mueloús
Vocative	μυελέ muelé	μυελώ muelṓ	μυελοί mueloí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀμύελος (amúelos)
μυελαυξής (muelauxḗs)
μυέλινος (muélinos)
μυελόεις (muelóeis)
μυελόθεν (muelóthen)
μυελόομαι (muelóomai)
μυελοποιός (muelopoiós)
μυελοτρεφής (muelotrephḗs)
μυελώδης (muelṓdēs)

Descendants

Koine Greek: μυαλός (mualós)
- Byzantine Greek: μυαλόν (mualón)
  - Greek: μυαλό (myaló)
English: myelo-

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μυελός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 975