λύρα
See also: Λύρα
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
A Mediterranean Pre-Greek substrate technical loan. Indo-European etymologies are unlikely.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /lý.raː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈly.ra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈly.ra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈly.ra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈli.ra/
Noun
λῠ́ρᾱ • (lŭ́rā) f (genitive λῠ́ρᾱς); first declension
- lyre (string instrument with a sounding board, traditionally formed from the shell of a tortoise)
- lyric poetry and music
- piper gurnard (Trigla lyra)
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ λῠ́ρᾱ hē lŭ́rā |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
αἱ λῠ́ραι hai lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς λῠ́ρᾱς tês lŭ́rās |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
τῶν λῠρῶν tôn lŭrôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ λῠ́ρᾳ tēî lŭ́rāi |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
ταῖς λῠ́ραις taîs lŭ́rais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν λῠ́ρᾱν tḕn lŭ́rān |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
τᾱ̀ς λῠ́ρᾱς tā̀s lŭ́rās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ραι lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | λῠ́ρη lŭ́rē |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ραι lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | λῠ́ρης lŭ́rēs |
λῠ́ραιῐ̈ν lŭ́raiĭ̈n |
λῠρᾱ́ων / λῠρέων / λῠρῶν lŭrā́ōn / lŭréōn / lŭrôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | λῠ́ρῃ lŭ́rēi |
λῠ́ραιῐ̈ν lŭ́raiĭ̈n |
λῠ́ρῃσῐ / λῠ́ρῃσῐν / λῠ́ρῃς / λῠ́ραις lŭ́rēisĭ(n) / lŭ́rēis / lŭ́rais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | λῠ́ρην lŭ́rēn |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ρᾱς lŭ́rās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | λῠ́ρη lŭ́rē |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ραι lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ λῠ́ρη hē lŭ́rē |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
αἱ λῠ́ραι hai lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς λῠ́ρης tês lŭ́rēs |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
τῶν λῠρέων / λῠρῶν tôn lŭréōn / lŭrôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ λῠ́ρῃ tēî lŭ́rēi |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
τῇσῐ / τῇσῐν λῠ́ρῃσῐ / λῠ́ρῃσῐν tēîsĭ(n) lŭ́rēisĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν λῠ́ρην tḕn lŭ́rēn |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
τᾱ̀ς λῠ́ρᾱς tā̀s lŭ́rās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | λῠ́ρη lŭ́rē |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ραι lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ λῠ́ρᾱ hē lŭ́rā |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
αἱ λῠ́ραι hai lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς λῠ́ρᾱς tês lŭ́rās |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
τῶν λῠρᾱ́ων / λῠρᾶν tôn lŭrā́ōn / lŭrân | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ λῠ́ρᾳ tēî lŭ́rāi |
τοῖν λῠ́ραιν toîn lŭ́rain |
ταῖς λῠ́ραις / λῠ́ραισῐ / λῠ́ραισῐν taîs lŭ́rais / lŭ́raisĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν λῠ́ρᾱν tḕn lŭ́rān |
τὼ λῠ́ρᾱ tṑ lŭ́rā |
τᾱ̀ς λῠ́ρᾱ̆ς tā̀s lŭ́rā̆s | ||||||||||
| Vocative | λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ρᾱ lŭ́rā |
λῠ́ραι lŭ́rai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀντίλυρος (antíluros)
- Λῠ́ρᾱ (Lŭ́rā)
- Λῠ́ρη (Lŭ́rē)
- λυρίζω (lurízō)
- λυρικός (lurikós)
- λύριον (lúrion)
- λυρισμός (lurismós)
- λυριστής (luristḗs)
- λυρογηθής (lurogēthḗs)
- λυρόδμητος (luródmētos)
- λυρόεις (luróeis)
- λυροεργός (luroergós)
- λυροθελγής (lurothelgḗs)
- λυρόκτυπος (luróktupos)
- λυροποιός (luropoiós)
- λυροφοῖνιξ (lurophoînix)
- λυρώδης (lurṓdēs)
- λυρῳδός (lurōidós)
- λυρωνία (lurōnía)
Descendants
- → English: lyre
- Greek: λύρα (lýra)
- → Latin: lyra (see there for further descendants)
- → Old High German: līra
- → German: Leier
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “λῠ́ρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 879
Further reading
- “λύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “λύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- λύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- “λύρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- λύρα, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈli.ɾa/
- Rhymes: -iɾa
- Hyphenation: λύ‧ρα
Noun
λύρα • (lýra) f (plural λύρες)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | λύρα (lýra) | λύρες (lýres) |
| genitive | λύρας (lýras) | λυρών (lyrón) |
| accusative | λύρα (lýra) | λύρες (lýres) |
| vocative | λύρα (lýra) | λύρες (lýres) |
Further reading
- λύρα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el