κόβαλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, the word is probably of Pre-Greek origin, based presumably on semantic domain and lack of credible cognates. The original sense was probably "porter, transporter" (still retained in derivatives such as κοβᾱλεύω (kobāleúō)), which developed negatively into "rogue".^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kó.baː.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈko.ba.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.βa.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.va.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈko.va.los/

Noun

κόβᾱλος • (kóbālos) m (genitive κοβᾱ́λου); second declension

impudent rogue, arrogant knave
(in the plural) mischievous goblins invoked by rogues

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κόβᾱλος; τοῦ κοβᾱ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κόβᾱλος ho kóbālos	τὼ κοβᾱ́λω tṑ kobā́lō	οἱ κόβᾱλοι hoi kóbāloi
Genitive	τοῦ κοβᾱ́λου toû kobā́lou	τοῖν κοβᾱ́λοιν toîn kobā́loin	τῶν κοβᾱ́λων tôn kobā́lōn
Dative	τῷ κοβᾱ́λῳ tōî kobā́lōi	τοῖν κοβᾱ́λοιν toîn kobā́loin	τοῖς κοβᾱ́λοις toîs kobā́lois
Accusative	τὸν κόβᾱλον tòn kóbālon	τὼ κοβᾱ́λω tṑ kobā́lō	τοὺς κοβᾱ́λους toùs kobā́lous
Vocative	κόβᾱλε kóbāle	κοβᾱ́λω kobā́lō	κόβᾱλοι kóbāloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κοβᾱλεία (kobāleía)
κοβᾱλεύω (kobāleúō)
κοβᾱλίκευμα (kobālíkeuma)
κοβᾱλισμός (kobālismós)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κόβᾱλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 727

“κόβαλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κόβαλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κόβαλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
κόβαλος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κόβᾱλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 727

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