κυλλός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably connected with κελλόν (kellón, “curved, twisted”). The word has been explained variously as a zero-grade derivation *kʷl̥-yós or *kʷl̥-nós, or o-grade *kʷol(H)-yós, from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kʷel(H)- (“to move; to turn (around)”) (with the word being interpreted as "turned outward or inward", that is, deformed), or alternatively and perhaps more plausibly from *(s)kel- (“to bend, crook”);^[1]^[2]^[3] compare κυλίνδω (kulíndō), κῶλον (kôlon), σκέλος (skélos), σκολιός (skoliós). Compare Sanskrit कुणि (kuṇi, “having a crooked arm”). In view of the problematic Indo-European etymology, the word may well be of Pre-Greek origin.^[3]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kyl.lós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kylˈlos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cylˈlos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cylˈlos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ciˈlos/

Adjective

κῠλλός • (kŭllós) m (feminine κῠλλή, neuter κῠλλόν); first/second declension

Declension

First and second declension of κῠλλός; κῠλλή; κῠλλόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κῠλλός kŭllós	κῠλλή kŭllḗ	κῠλλόν kŭllón	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλᾱ́ kŭllā́	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλοί kŭlloí	κῠλλαί kŭllaí	κῠλλᾰ́ kŭllắ
Genitive	κῠλλοῦ kŭlloû	κῠλλῆς kŭllês	κῠλλοῦ kŭlloû	κῠλλοῖν kŭlloîn	κῠλλαῖν kŭllaîn	κῠλλοῖν kŭlloîn	κῠλλῶν kŭllôn	κῠλλῶν kŭllôn	κῠλλῶν kŭllôn
Dative	κῠλλῷ kŭllōî	κῠλλῇ kŭllēî	κῠλλῷ kŭllōî	κῠλλοῖν kŭlloîn	κῠλλαῖν kŭllaîn	κῠλλοῖν kŭlloîn	κῠλλοῖς kŭlloîs	κῠλλαῖς kŭllaîs	κῠλλοῖς kŭlloîs
Accusative	κῠλλόν kŭllón	κῠλλήν kŭllḗn	κῠλλόν kŭllón	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλᾱ́ kŭllā́	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλούς kŭlloús	κῠλλᾱ́ς kŭllā́s	κῠλλᾰ́ kŭllắ
Vocative	κῠλλέ kŭllé	κῠλλή kŭllḗ	κῠλλόν kŭllón	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλᾱ́ kŭllā́	κῠλλώ kŭllṓ	κῠλλοί kŭlloí	κῠλλαί kŭllaí	κῠλλᾰ́ kŭllắ
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	κῠλλῶς kŭllôs			κῠλλότερος kŭllóteros			κῠλλότᾰτος kŭllótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Ᾰ̓νθρᾰ́κῠλλος (Ănthrắkŭllos)
κῠλλᾰ́ (kŭllắ)
κῠλλαίνω (kŭllaínō)
κῠλλᾰ́ω (kŭllắō)
κῠλλόν (kŭllón)
κῠλλόομαι (kŭllóomai)
κῠλλοποδῑ́ων (kŭllopodī́ōn)
κῠλλόπους (kŭllópous)
κῠλλοῦμαι (kŭlloûmai)
κῠλλόω (kŭllóō)
κῠλλῶ (kŭllô)
κῠ́λλωμᾰ (kŭ́llōmă)
κῠ́λλωσῐς (kŭ́llōsĭs)

Descendants

Greek: κουλός (koulós)

References

^ Frisk, Hjalmar (1970), “κυλλός”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 47
^ Frisk, Hjalmar (1970), “σκέλος”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 723–724
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κυλλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 800–801