κακκαλία

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κᾰκᾰλῐ́ᾱ (kăkălĭ́ā), κᾰκᾰλῐ́ς (kăkălĭ́s)

Etymology

According to Furnée, of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the similarity with other plant names, such as ἀκακαλίς (akakalís, “daffodil”) and κάγκανον (kánkanon, “mercury”). Witczak prefers a Dardanic source. Compare also Dacian coicolida (“nightshade”), Lithuanian kankùlis (“corncockle”), Lithuanian kankali̇̀jos f pl (“bellflower”), Old Prussian kunklis (“corncockle”), as well as Proto-Slavic *kǫkoľь (“corncockle”), whence Slovene kokalj, Polish kąkol and Russian куколь (kukolʹ).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kak.ka.lí.aː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kak.kaˈli.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/

Noun

κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ • (kăkkălĭ́ā) f (genitive κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Synonyms: ἁλῐκᾰ́κκᾰβον (halĭkắkkăbon), μώρῐος (mṓrĭos), στρῠ́χνον (strŭ́khnon)
kind of mercury (Mercurialis tomentosa)
Synonym: λεοντῐκή (leontĭkḗ)

Declension

First declension of ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ; τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ hē kăkkălĭ́ā	τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kăkkălĭ́ā	αἱ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι hai kăkkălĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tês kăkkălĭ́ās	τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kăkkălĭ́ain	τῶν κᾰκκᾰλῐῶν tôn kăkkălĭôn
Dative	τῇ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾳ tēî kăkkălĭ́āi	τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kăkkălĭ́ain	ταῖς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αις taîs kăkkălĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱν tḕn kăkkălĭ́ān	τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kăkkălĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tā̀s kăkkălĭ́ās
Vocative	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kăkkălĭ́ā	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kăkkălĭ́ā	κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι kăkkălĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Latin: cacalia

References

^ Witczak, Krzysztof (2014), “Dardanian Plant Names”, in Linguistique Balkanique‎^[1], volume 53, numbers 2-3, Sofia: Académie bulgare des sciences, pages 97–99