θώψ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Disputed. According to Beekes, possibly Pre-Greek, perhaps related to θάμβος (thámbos, “amazement, astonishment”).^[1] Alternatively, the term has been explained as inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dóh₂bʰ-s, itself from the root *deh₂bʰ- (“to strike”), whence also perhaps Lithuanian dóbti (“to smash, kill”). For a semantic connection between the sense “to deceive” and words related to physical force, see English deceive, which derives from Latin dēcipiō (“to ensnare”).^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰɔ̌ːps/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰops/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈθops/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈθops/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈθops/

Noun

θώψ • (thṓps) m (genitive θωπός); third declension

adulator, flatterer
A false friend

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ θώψ; τοῦ θωπός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ θώψ ho thṓps	τὼ θῶπε tṑ thôpe	οἱ θῶπες hoi thôpes
Genitive	τοῦ θωπός toû thōpós	τοῖν θωποῖν toîn thōpoîn	τῶν θωπῶν tôn thōpôn
Dative	τῷ θωπῐ́ tōî thōpĭ́	τοῖν θωποῖν toîn thōpoîn	τοῖς θωψῐ́ / θωψῐ́ν toîs thōpsĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν θῶπᾰ tòn thôpă	τὼ θῶπε tṑ thôpe	τοὺς θῶπᾰς toùs thôpăs
Vocative	θώψ thṓps	θῶπε thôpe	θῶπες thôpes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θώψ, θωπός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 570
^ Forte, Alexander S.W. (2018), “The cognitive linguistics of Homeric surprise”, in The Routledge Handbook of Classics and Cognitive Theory‎^[1], Taylor & Francis, →DOI, page 53 of 39-58

“θώψ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
θώψ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θώψ, θωπός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 570

[Forte-2] Forte, Alexander S.W. (2018), “The cognitive linguistics of Homeric surprise”, in The Routledge Handbook of Classics and Cognitive Theory‎^[1], Taylor & Francis, →DOI, page 53 of 39-58

[1]

[2]