γρύψ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

γρῡ́φς (grū́phs)

Etymology

Uncertain. Commonly linked to γρῡπός (grūpós, “hook-nosed; aquiline”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, twist, bend, wind”), related to Old English crumb, crump (“bent, crooked”), Old High German krump.

Beekes and Klein dismiss an Indo-European origin and instead suggest Pre-Greek; possibly borrowed via Hittite or some other Anatolian medium from a Semitic word related to Akkadian 𒅗𒆕𒁍 (karūbu) and Hebrew כרוב (kerúv), in which case a doublet of χερούβ (kheroúb).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡry̌ːps/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡryps/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣryps/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣryps/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣrips/

Noun

γρῡ́ψ • (grū́ps) m (genitive γρῡπός); third declension

griffin
- 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.116, (compare Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 395)

Declension

Third declension of ὁ γρῡ́ψ; τοῦ γρῡπός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γρῡ́ψ ho grū́ps	τὼ γρῦπε tṑ grûpe	οἱ γρῦπες hoi grûpes
Genitive	τοῦ γρῡπός toû grūpós	τοῖν γρῡποῖν toîn grūpoîn	τῶν γρῡπῶν tôn grūpôn
Dative	τῷ γρῡπῐ́ tōî grūpĭ́	τοῖν γρῡποῖν toîn grūpoîn	τοῖς γρῡψῐ́ / γρῡψῐ́ν toîs grūpsĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν γρῦπᾰ tòn grûpă	τὼ γρῦπε tṑ grûpe	τοὺς γρῦπᾰς toùs grûpăs
Vocative	γρῡ́ψ grū́ps	γρῦπε grûpe	γρῦπες grûpes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ὁ γρῡ́ψ; τοῦ γρῡπός (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γρῡ́ψ ho grū́ps	τὼ γρῦπε tṑ grûpe	οἱ γρῦπες hoi grûpes
Genitive	τοῦ γρῡπός toû grūpós	τοῖν γρῡποῖν toîn grūpoîn	τῶν γρῡπῶν tôn grūpôn
Dative	τῷ γρῡπῐ́ tōî grūpĭ́	τοῖν γρῡποῖν toîn grūpoîn	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν γρῡψῐ́ / γρῡψῐ́ν toîsĭ(n) grūpsĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν γρῦπᾰ tòn grûpă	τὼ γρῦπε tṑ grûpe	τοὺς γρῦπᾰς toùs grûpăs
Vocative	γρῡ́ψ grū́ps	γρῦπε grûpe	γρῦπες grûpes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

γρῡπᾱ́ετος (grūpā́etos)
γρῡπᾰλώπηξ (grūpălṓpēx)
λευκόγρῡψ (leukógrūps)

Related terms

γρῡπᾰνῐ́ζω (grūpănĭ́zō)
γρῡπᾰ́νῐος (grūpắnĭos)
γρῡπός (grūpós)
γρῡπότης (grūpótēs)

Descendants

Greek: γρύπας (grýpas)
→ Latin: grȳps (see there for further descendants)
→ Russian: грифо́н (grifón)