Δημήτηρ
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
The second half is generally believed to be μήτηρ (mḗtēr, “mother”). The first element, δᾶ (dâ),[1] is classically explained as the Attic/Ionic variant of an archaic Doric form of γῆ (gê, “earth”); other theories include a connection with Albanian dhe (“earth”) or χθών (khthṓn, “ground, earth”).[2]
The supposed Aeolic form Δωμάτηρ (Dōmátēr) is only attested through a reconstructed inscription from the 2nd century B.C. in Aegae. The inscription reads []ω[]ατρος ([]ō[]atros), which has been read, as reported in Richard Bohn's "Altertümer von Aegae" as a genitive form of Δωμάτηρ (Dōmátēr). However, as Chantraine says, "the dialectal forms, notably Δωμάτηρ, do not offer any help to etymology," and it is debatable whether the inscription reads as such.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dɛː.mɛ̌ː.tɛːr/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /de̝ˈme̝.te̝r/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðiˈmi.tir/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ðiˈmi.tir/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðiˈmi.tir/
Proper noun
Δημήτηρ • (Dēmḗtēr) f (genitive Δήμητρος or Δημήτερος); third declension
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ Δημήτηρ hē Dēmḗtēr | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς Δήμητρος tês Dḗmētros | ||||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ Δήμητρῐ tēî Dḗmētrĭ | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν Δήμητρᾰ tḕn Dḗmētră | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Δήμητερ Dḗmēter | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Δημήτηρ Dēmḗtēr | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | Δήμητρος / Δημήτερος Dḗmētros / Dēmḗteros | ||||||||||||
| Dative | Δήμητρῐ / Δημήτερῐ Dḗmētrĭ / Dēmḗterĭ | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | Δήμητρᾰ / Δημήτερᾰ Dḗmētră / Dēmḗteră | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Δήμητερ Dḗmēter | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Δημήτρῐος (Dēmḗtrĭos)
Related terms
- Δηώ (Dēṓ)
Descendants
- Greek: Δημήτηρ m (Dimítir); Δήμητρα f (Dímitra); Δημήτριος m (Dimítrios); δημητριακά n or pl (dimitriaká, “cereal, breakfast cereal”)
- Latin: Demeter
- → Russian: Деме́тра (Demétra)
References
- ^ "δᾶ" in Liddell & Scott 1940
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “Δημήτηρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 324-5
Further reading
- “Δημήτηρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Δημήτηρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “Δημήτηρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Δημήτηρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,008
- Julius Pokorny (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, in 3 vols, Bern, München: Francke Verlag
- Richard Bohn (1889), "Altertümer von Aegae"
- http://opsopaus.com/OM/BA/Plethon/Demeter.html