šana
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sana"
Karelian
| North Karelian (Viena) |
šana |
|---|---|
| South Karelian (Tver) |
šana |
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sana. Cognates include Finnish sana and Estonian sõna.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃɑnɑ/
- Hyphenation: ša‧na
Noun
šana (genitive šanan, partitive šanua)
- word
- 1933, N. S. Popova, translated by S. S. Sokolov, Arifmetikan ucebnikka alguşkolalla uaroin: enƶimäne cuasti, enƶimäne opaşşunda vuoƶi [A schoolbook of arithmetic for the primary school: first part, first schoolyear][1], Moscow: Ucpedgiz, page 2:
- Kuni lapşet ei opaşşuttu lugomah, hyö kniigan tekstan tiijuşşetah opaştajan şanoista.
- As long as children haven't learned to read yet, they get to know a book's texts through the teacher's words.
- (in the plural) spell
Declension
| Viena Karelian declension of šana (type 4/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | šana | šanat | |
| genitive | šanan | šanojen | |
| partitive | šanua | šanoja | |
| illative | šanah | šanoih | |
| inessive | šanašša | šanoissa | |
| elative | šanašta | šanoista | |
| adessive | šanalla | šanoilla | |
| ablative | šanalta | šanoilta | |
| translative | šanakši | šanoiksi | |
| essive | šanana | šanoina | |
| comitative | — | šanoineh | |
| abessive | šanatta | šanoitta | |
| prolative | — | — | |
| instructive | — | šanoin | |
| Tver Karelian declension of šana (type 4/kala no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | šana | šanat | |
| genitive | šanan | šanoin | |
| partitive | šanua | šanoida | |
| illative | šanah | šanoih | |
| inessive | šanašša | šanoissa | |
| elative | šanašta | šanoista | |
| adessive | šanalla | šanoilla | |
| ablative | šanalda | šanoilda | |
| translative | šanakši | šanoiksi | |
| essive | šanana | šanoina | |
| comitative | šananke | šanoinke | |
| abessive | šanatta | šanoitta | |
| prolative | šanačči | šanoičči | |
| instructive | — | šanoin | |
| Possessive forms of šana | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | šanani | |
| 2nd person | šanaš | |
| 3rd person | šanah | |
| *) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. | ||
Derived terms
References
- A. V. Punzhina (1994), “šana”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
- P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “слово”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN