úath

See also: uath and uath-

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈuːa̯θ/

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Celtic *ɸowtus, from Proto-Indo-European *pew- (“to fear”).

    Noun

    úath ?

    1. fear, horror, terror
    2. a horrible or terrible thing
    Inflection
    Masculine u-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative úath úathL úathae
    vocative úath úathL úathu
    accusative úathN úathL úathu
    genitive úathoH, úathaH úatho, úatha úathaeN
    dative úathL úathaib úathaib
    Initial mutations of a following adjective:
    • H = triggers aspiration
    • L = triggers lenition
    • N = triggers nasalization
    Derived terms
    • adfúath
    • adúath
    • adúathaigid
    • úaithbélta
    • úathach
    • úathbásach
    • úathgráin
    • úathmaire
    • úathmar
    Descendants
    • Middle Irish: úath (“horrible thing, horror”)
    • Middle Irish: fúath (“hatred”)

    Further reading

    Etymology 2

      Uncertain, multiple theories exist.[1] What is certain is that the term never originally meant "whitethorn".

      • Peter Schrijver believes the Ogam letter name is an extension of the meaning "fear", with the ogam letter originally denoting /ɸ/.
      • Damian McManus notes another etymology deriving this letter name from Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta); this etymology supposes that the letter originally denoted /j/. McManus is hesitant to accept this due to the need to posit a loanword.[2] On the other hand, Deborah Hayden and David Stifter accept this etymology, but suggest Latin iōta as the immediate intermediary of the loan.

      Noun

      úath ?

      1. name of the Ogham letter ᚆ (h)
      Descendants

      Further reading

      Etymology 3

        Uncertain. Originally distinct from etymology 2, but later associated with it as the names of most Ogham letters were words for various plants.

        Noun

        úath ?

        1. whitethorn, Crataegus monogyna
        Descendants

        Further reading

        Etymology 4

          From úathad.

          Noun

          úath ?

          1. a small number, a few
          Descendants

          Further reading

          Mutation

          Mutation of úath
          radical lenition nasalization
          úath
          (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)          		 úath n-úath

          Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
          All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

          References

          1. ^ Hayden, Deborah; Stifter, David (2022), “Ogam and Trees – OG(H)AM”, in Megan Kasten, editor, OG(H)AM – Harnessing digital technologies to transform understanding of ogham writing, from the 4th century to the 21st‎[1]
          2. ^ * McManus, Damian (1991). A Guide to Ogam, Maynooth Monographs 4. Maynooth: An Sagart, p. 81. →ISBN.
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