Wyczółki, Warsaw

This article is about a neighbourhood in Warsaw. For other uses, see Wyczółki.
Wyczółki
City Information System area
An office complex in Wyczółki in 2018.
The location of the City Information System area of Wyczółki within the city district of Ursynów
Coordinates: 52°09′32″N 20°59′57″E / 52.15889°N 20.99917°E / 52.15889; 20.99917
Country Poland
VoivodeshipMasovian
City and countyWarsaw
DistrictUrsynów
Administrative neighbourhoodWyczółki
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code+48 22

Wyczółki (Polish: [vɘ̟ˈt͡ʂuw.ki]) is an neighbourhood, and a City Information System area, within the Ursynów district of Warsaw, Poland. It is a mixed area, consisting of residential zones, as well as business office complexes and storage warehouses.

The oldest known records of Wyczółki, then a small village owned by petty nobility, date to 1483. In 1805, the Wyczółki Manor House was built in the area, together with an English landscape garden, now known as the Wyczółki Park. In 1939, the Służewiec Racecourse was opened to the east of Wyczółki, becoming largest and the most modern horse racing venue in Europe at the time. A portion of the arra was incorporated into the city in 1938, while the remaining part, in 1951. Between the 1950s and 1970s, manufacturing industry developed in thr area, as part of the industiral district of Służewiec. In the 1990s, it transformed into residential and office spaces.

History

The oldest known records of Wyczółki, then known as Wyczółkowo (spelled as Vyczolkovo), come from 1483.[1] It was a small village owned by petty nobility.[2]

In 1805, castellan Franciszek Krotkowski, the owner of the village, built the Wyczółki Manor House as his residence, placed near Berensewicz Ponds, at the current 53 Łączyny Street. Around them was developed an English landscape garden, now known as the Wyczółki Park.[3][4][5]

Between 1925 and 1939, the Służewiec Racecourse, was built to the east of Wyczółki, at the current 266 Puławska Street.[6][7][8] Upon its opening, it became the largest and the most modern horse racing venue in Europe.[9] It included two tracks, the main turf circuit with the length of 2,300 m, now located within the City Information System area of North Ursynów, and a smaller dirt circuit, with the length of 1,950 m, within Wyczółki.[10][6]

In 1934, the Warszawa Okęcie railway station was opened near Gorzkiewki Street, to serve the nearby Warsaw Chopin Airport.[11]

Wyczółki was incorporated into the city of Warsaw on 27 September 1938.[12][13] Larger portion of the modern City Information System area of Wyczółki remained outside the city boundaries until it was incorporated on 14 May 1951.[14] During the German occupation of Poland in the Second World War, the Służewiec Racecourse served as an airstrip for the fighter aircraft of the German Air Force. In July 1944, between 600 and 800 soldiers were stationed there.[15] On 1 August 1944, on the first day of the Warsaw Uprising, the airstrip was attacked by the Polish resistance partisants from the Karpaty Battalion of the Baszta Regiment Group.[16][17] It was unsuccessful, with partisants experiencing heavy casualties. Later that day, in retaliation, captured partisans and a group of civilians from the nearby Służew were executed at the racetrack..[16]

In 1951, the area of Służewiec, Zbarż, and Wyczółki, was designated to become the Industrial and Storage District of Służewiec (Polish: Dzielnica Przemysłowo-Składowa „Służewiec”), later known as Służewiec Przemysłowy (Industrial Służewiec).[18][19][20] It was envisioned to feature 60 factories and industrial plants. The construction began in 1952, and utilised the large panel system technique, marking it as one of the first instances of its usage in Poland.[18] The designated area covered around 2.6 km2 (1 sq mi).[20][21] In the early 1970s, around 20,000 people were employed in the industrial district.[20] In the 1990s, the manufacturing industry left the area, leading to the emergence of residential and office buildings in its place.[22][23][24]

In 1995, the Grabów Cemetery, operated by the nearby St. Sophie Barat Church, was opened at Poloneza Street.[25]

In 1996, the administrative neighbourhood of Wyczółki, governmened by an elected council, was established as a subdivision of the municipality of Warsaw-Ursynów, which was replaced by the Ursynów district in 2002. Its status was reconfirmed in 2013.[26][27] In 1998, the district of Ursynów was subdivided into the City Information System areas, with Wyczółki becoming one of them.[28][29]

Characteristics

Wyczółki is a mixed area, consisting of residential zones, as well as business office complexes and storage warehouses.[30] A portion of its area, measuring 159 ha,nis administered as the neighbourhood of Wyczółki, governmened by an elected council. Its boundaries are determined to the north by Galopu Street, and Służewiec Racecourse; to the east by Poloneza Street; to the south by Płąsy Street; and to the west by the track of the railway line no. 8.[26]

It includes several bodies of water, such as Grabów Lake in the southeast, and Berensewicz Ponds in the centre, and Wyścigi Pond in the northeast, as well as the Służew Stream, Grabów Canal, and Boxer Canal crossing the neighbourhood.[31][32][33] The area also features the Wyczółki Park, centred on the Berensewicz Ponds.[4][5][34] It includes the Wyczółki Manor House, dating to 1805. The park complex is a private property, closed off to the public.[3][5][35]

A secondary dirt circuit of the Służewiec Racecourse, with the length of 1,950 m, is located within the neighbourhood, near Bokserska Street.[6] Every year, the venue hosts the Great Warsaw Race, the most prestigious horse race in Poland.[36] The main portion of the race track, including the main circuit, is located outside the boundaries of Wyczółki, in the nearby North Ursynów.[10][6]

Wyczółki also features the Warszawa Okęcie railway station, located near Gorzkiewki Street, which provides transit links with the nearby Warsaw Chopin Airport.[11]

Additionally, the neighbourhood also has the Grabów Cemetery, which is operated by the nearby St. Sophie Barat Church in Grabów.[25]

Location and boundaries

Wyczółki is a City Information System area, located within the north-western portion of the Ursynów district. To the north, its boundary is determined by Bokserska Street, in a straight line north from the eastern end of Bokserska Street to Wyścigowa Avenue, and following it until Służew Stream; the east, by Służew Stream, the eastern shore of Wyścigi Pond, the boundary of the Służewiec Racecourse, Wyczółki Street, and Poloneza Street; to the south, by Pląsy Street; and to the west, by the tracks of the railway line no. 8.[10]

The City Information System area borders borders Służew, and Służewiec to the north, North Ursynów to the northeast, Grabów to the southeast, and Okęcie, and Paluch to the west. Its northern and western boundaries form the border of Ursynów with Mokotów to the north, and Włochy to the west.[10]

References

  1. ^ Adam Wolff, Kazimierz Pacuski: Słownik historyczno-geograficzny Ziemi Warszawskiej w średniowieczu. Warsaw: Instytut Historii PAN, 2013, p. 325. ISBN 978-83-63352-17-2. (in Polish)
  2. ^ Adolf Pawiński: Polska XVI wieku pod względem geograficzno-statystycznym, vol. 5: Mazowsze, Warsaw, 1895, p. 260. (in Polish)
  3. ^ a b Tomasz Urzykowski (18 January 2022). "Dwór sprzed ponad 200 lat na Ursynowie popada w ruinę. Konserwator zawiadomił prokuraturę". warszawa.wyborcza.pl (in Polish).
  4. ^ a b "Dwór na Wyczółkach. Piękno, które popada w ruinę! FOTO". haloursynow.pl (in Polish). 5 April 2020.
  5. ^ a b c Czesław Łaszek: Przyroda Warszawy. Warsaw: Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, 1980, p. 19. (in Polish)
  6. ^ a b c d Encyklopedia Warszawy. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1994, p. 614. ISBN 83-01-08836-2. (in Polish)
  7. ^ "Historia toru". torsluzewiec.pl (in Polish).
  8. ^ Bronisław Ryś: Budowa i rozwój Służewca Przemysłowego. In: Kronika Warszawy. 3 (7). p. 45. (in Polish)
  9. ^ D. Błaszczyk, Juliusz Żórawski: Przerwane dzieło modernizmu. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Salix Alba, 2010, p. 104, ISBN 978-83-930937-0-0. (in Polish)
  10. ^ a b c d "Obszary MSI. Dzielnica Ursynów". zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
  11. ^ a b "Warszawa Okęcie". atlaskolejowy.net (in Polish).
  12. ^ Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 22 września 1938 r. o przyłączeniu części gmin wiejskich Wilanów i Bródno w powiecie i województwie warszawskim do powiatów południowo-warszawskiego i prasko-warszawskiego w m. st. Warszawie. In: 1938 Journal of Laws. Warsaw. 1938. (in Polish)
  13. ^ Marian Marek Drozdowski: Warszawiacy i ich miasto w latach Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej. Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, 1973, p. 17. (in Polish)
  14. ^ "Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 5 maja 1951 r. w sprawie zmiany granic miasta stołecznego Warszawy". isap.sejm.gov.pl (in Polish).
  15. ^ Lesław M. Bartelski: Mokotów 1944. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej, 1986, p. 198–199. ISBN 83-11-07078-4. (in Polish)
  16. ^ a b Lesław M. Bartelski: Mokotów 1944. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Obrony Narodowej, 1986, p. 206–207. ISBN 83-11-07078-4. (in Polish)
  17. ^ Adam Borkiewicz: Powstanie warszawskie. Zarys działań natury wojskowej. Warsaw: Instytut wydawniczy PAX, 1969, p. 71. (in Polish)
  18. ^ a b "Służewiec – Z Zagłębia Przemysłowego Do Największego Centrum Biznesowego W Polsce". kgpp.pl (in Polish). 22 June 2022.
  19. ^ Bronisław Ryś: Budowa i rozwój Służewca Przemysłowego. In: Kronika Warszawy. 3 (7). p. 45. (in Polish)
  20. ^ a b c Józef Kazimierski, Ryszard Kołodziejczyk, Żanna Kormanowa, Halina Rostowska: Dzieje Mokotowa. Warsaw: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1972, p. 269. (in Polish)
  21. ^ Kronika wydarzeń w Warszawie 1945−1958. Warszawskie Kalendarz Ilustrowany 1959, p. 67, 1958. Wydawnictwo Tygodnika Ilustrowanego "Stolica" (in Polish)
  22. ^ Paweł Dunin-Wąsowicz. Mordor literacki w serpentynie głupstw. In: Stolica, p. 36, June 2019. (in Polish)
  23. ^ Adam Roguski. Mordor na nowo: dla jednych nakłady, dla innych okazje. In: Rzeczpospolita, p. A20, 19–20 June 2019. (in Polish)
  24. ^ "Służewiec z największego zagłębia biurowego w regionie CEE staje się zrównoważoną dzielnicą". nowawarszawa.pl (in Polish). 5 November 2025.
  25. ^ a b Grzegorz Kalwarczyk: Przewodnik po parafiach i kościołach Archidiecezji Warszawskiej, vol 2: Parafie warszawskie. Warsaw: Oficyna Wydawniczo-Poligraficzna Adam, 2015, p. 651. ISBN 978-83-7821-118-1. (in Polish)
  26. ^ a b "Osiedle Wyczółki". ursynow.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish).
  27. ^ "Jednostki pomocnicze dzielnicy Ursynów m.st. Warszawy". ursynow.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish). 26 November 2013.
  28. ^ "Uchwałą Nr 563 Rady Gminy Warszawa-Ursynów z dnia 18 czerwca 1998 r. z późniejszymi zmianami z dnia 18 czerwca 1998 r. w sprawie wprowadzenia Miejskiego Systemu Informacji w Gminie Warszawa-Ursynów" (PDF). zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
  29. ^ "Uchwała Nr 366 Zarządu Gminy Warszawa-Ursynów z dnia 9 lutego 2000 r. w sprawie uzupełnienia i skorygowania Miejskiego Systemu Informacji w Gminie Warszawa-Ursynów" (PDF). zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
  30. ^ Studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta stołecznego Warszawy ze zmianami. Warsaw: Warsaw City Council, 1 March 2018, pp. 10–14. (in Polish)
  31. ^ Jacek Skorupski (May 2013). "Projekt miejscowego planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego zachodniego pasma pyrskiego w rejonie ul. Poleczki położonego w dzielnicy Ursynów i Włochy miasta stołecznego Warszawy. Prognoza oddziaływania na środowisko" (PDF). bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish).
  32. ^ "Załącznik tekstowy i tabelaryczny do programu ochrony środowiska dla miasta stołecznego Warszawy na lata 2009–2012 z uwzględnieniem perspektywy do 2016 r." (PDF). bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish). 21 October 2010.
  33. ^ Łukasz Gradowski, Kazimierz Banasik: Wpływ zbiornika Staw Berensewicza na redukcję fali wezbraniowej Potoku Służewieckiego. 9 February 2016. (in Polish)
  34. ^ Kwiryna Handke: Dzieje Warszawy nazwami pisane. Warsaw: Warsaw History Museums, 2011, p. 368, 379. ISBN 978-83-62189-08-3. (in Polish)
  35. ^ Anna Pawlikowska-Piechotka: Turystyka i wypoczynek w zabytkowych parkach Warszawy. Gdynia: Wydawnictwo Novae Res, 2009, p. 135. ISBN 978-83-61194-88-0. (in Polish)
  36. ^ Julia Właszczuk (9 October 2020). "Wielka Warszawska: Królowa polskich gonitw". vogue.pl (in Polish).
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