William Hurrell Mallock
William Hurrell Mallock | |
|---|---|
Cabinet card of Mallock, by Elliott & Fry, circa 1880s. | |
| Born | 7 February 1849 Cheriton Bishop, Devon, England |
| Died | 2 April 1923 (aged 74) |
| Alma mater | Balliol College, Oxford |
| Occupations | Novelist, sociologist, lecturer and economist |
| Parent(s) | Rev. William Mallock and Margaret Froude |
| Relatives | Arnulph Mallock, William Froude, Richard Hurrell Froude, James Anthony Froude, Mary Margaret Mallock (sister) |
| Signature | |
William Hurrell Mallock (7 February 1849 – 2 April 1923) was an English novelist and economics writer. Much of his writing is in support of the Roman Catholic Church and in opposition to positivist philosophy and socialism.
Biography
A nephew of the historian James Anthony Froude,[1] Mallock was educated privately and then at Balliol College, Oxford. He won the Newdigate Prize in 1872 for his poem The Isthmus of Suez[2] and took a second class in the final classical schools in 1874, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree from Oxford University. He never entered a profession, though he at one time considered the diplomatic service.
He first drew wide attention with the satirical novel The New Republic (1877),[3][4][5] conceived while he was a student at Oxford. Written as a roman à clef, it included characters recognizable as prominent figures such as Benjamin Jowett, Matthew Arnold, Violet Fane, Thomas Carlyle,[6] and Thomas Henry Huxley.[7][8] Although early critical reception was mixed,[9] the book caused controversy, particularly for its satirical portrayal of the critic Walter Pater. Contemporary and later commentators described the depiction (as “Mr. Rose”) as deliberately cutting and suggestive of aesthetic and sexual affectation.[10][11]
The appearance of The New Republic coincided with discussion of the Oxford Professorship of Poetry and is frequently cited as one factor in Pater’s decision not to stand for the post.[12][13][14] Pater later published “A Study of Dionysus: The Spiritual Form of Fire and Dew,” which has sometimes been read as an indirect reply to the atmosphere of the controversy.[15]
In subsequent decades Mallock wrote both fiction and polemical works on religion and politics. In books on religious questions he argued for dogma as the foundation of religion and rejected attempts to base religion solely on scientific claims. In Is Life Worth Living? (1879) and the satirical novel The New Paul and Virginia (1878) he attacked positivist ideas[7][16][17] and wrote in defence of the Roman Catholic Church.[18][19][20][21] (One of his uncles, Hurrell Froude, had been a founder of the Oxford Movement.)
He also contributed frequently to newspapers and magazines, including The Forum, National Review, Public Opinion, Contemporary Review, and Harper’s Weekly. His April 1889 essay opposing Thomas Huxley’s agnosticism appeared in The Fortnightly Review and was reprinted in Popular Science Monthly.[22] The piece formed part of a broader public dispute involving Huxley and William Connor Magee, Bishop of Peterborough.[23]
From the 1880s onward he published a series of works on economics and social policy critical of radical and socialist theories,[24][25] including Social Equality (1882), Property and Progress (1884), Labour and the Popular Welfare (1893), Classes and Masses (1896), Aristocracy and Evolution (1898), and A Critical Examination of Socialism (1908). In 1907 he visited the United States to deliver a set of lectures on socialism under the auspices of the National Civic Federation and at universities in several cities, including New York, Cambridge, Chicago, Philadelphia, and Baltimore.[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]
Among his anti-socialist works is also the novel The Old Order Changes (1886). His other novels include A Romance of the Nineteenth Century (1881), A Human Document (1892), The Heart of Life (1895), Tristram Lacy (1899), The Veil of the Temple (1904), and An Immortal Soul (1908).[7]
Mallock later received renewed attention from some conservative writers. Russell Kirk discussed him at length in The Conservative Mind, citing earlier critics such as George Saintsbury and John Squire on Mallock’s argumentative skill and style, while emphasizing his sustained opposition to political and moral radicalism.[36][37][38][39]
He published a volume of Poems in 1880. His 1878 book Lucretius included verse translations from the Roman poet, followed by Lucretius on Life and Death (1900), a sequence of verse paraphrases influenced by the style of Edward FitzGerald’s Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam; a second edition appeared in 1910.
Influence and legacy
Ironically, this last work on Lucretius came to be highly regarded by freethinkers and other religious skeptics. Corliss Lamont includes portions of the third canto in his A Humanist Funeral Service. Mallock himself, in his introduction, seems to be offering it, somewhat condescendingly, for the use of such non-Christians when he writes:
Those, however, who... are adherents of the principles which [Lucretius] shares with the latest scientists of to-day, can hardly find the only hope which is open to them expressed by any writer with a loftier and more poignant dignity than that with which they will find it expressed by the Roman disciple of Epicurus.[40]
The popular English novelist Ouida (Maria Louise Ramé) dedicated her book of essays Views and Opinions (1895) to Mallock—"To W. H. Mallock. As a slight token of personal regard and intellectual admiration."[41]
Artist Tom Phillips used Mallock's A Human Document as the basis for his project A Humument,[42] in which he took a copy of the novel and constructed a work of art using its pages.[43]
Works
- Every Man his Own Poet. Oxford: T. Shrimpton & Son, 1872.[44]
- The New Republic; or, Culture, Faith, and Philosophy in an English Country House, Vol. 2. London: Chatto and Windus, 1877 (Rep. Leicester University Press, 1975).
- The New Paul and Virginia, or Positivism on an Island. London: Chatto & Windus, 1878.[45]
- Is Life Worth Living? London: Chatto & Windus, 1879.[46]
- Poems. London: Chatto & Windus, 1880.
- A Romance of the Nineteenth Century, 2 Vol. London: Chatto & Windus, 1881.[47][48]
- Social Equality, a Short Study in a Missing Science. London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1882.[49][50][51][52]
- Atheism and the Value of Life. London: Richard Bentley and Son, 1884.
- Property and Progress, or, A brief Enquiry into Contemporary Social Agitation in England. London: John Murray, 1884.[53]
- The Old Order Changes, Vol. 2, Vol. 3. London: John Murray, 1886.[54]
- Lucretius. London: William Blackwood & Sons, 1887.
- In an Enchanted Island: or, A Winter's Retreat in Cyprus. London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1889.
- A Human Document – A Novel, Vol. 2, Vol. 3. London: Chapman & Hall, 1892.
- Verses. London: Hutchinson & Co., 1893.
- Labour and the Popular Welfare. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1893.[55][56][57][58]
- The Heart of Life, Vol. 2, Vol. 3. London: Chapman & Hall, 1895.[59][60]
- Studies of Contemporary Superstition. London: Ward & Downey Limited, 1895.[61]
- Classes and Masses, or, Wealth, Wages, and Welfare in the United Kingdom. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1896.[62][63]
- Socialism and Social Discord. London: Published at the Central Offices of the Liberty and Property Defense League, 1896.
- Aristocracy and Evolution: A Study of the Rights, the Origin, and the Social Functions of the Wealthier Classes. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1898.[64][65][66][67]
- Tristram Lacy, or the Individualist. London: Chapman & Hall, 1899.[68]
- Lucretius on Life and Death. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1900.
- Doctrine and Doctrinal Disruption. London: Adam & Charles Blackie, 1900.[69]
- Religion as Credible Doctrine: A Study of the Fundamental Difficulty. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1903.[70][71][72][73][74][75]
- The Fiscal Dispute Made Easy; or, A Key to the Principles Involved in the Opposite Policies. London: Eveleigh Nash, 1903.
- The Veil of the Temple; or, From Dark to Twilight. London: John Murray, 1904.[76][77][78]
- The Reconstruction of Belief. London: Chapman & Hall (Rep. as The Reconstruction of Religious Belief. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1905).[79][80]
- Socialism. New York: The National Civic Federation, 1907.
- A Critical Examination Of Socialism. London: John Murray, 1908.[81][82][83][84]
- Short Epitome of Eight Lectures on Some of the Principal Fallacies of Socialism. J. Truscott, 1908.
- An Immortal Soul. London: George Bells & Sons, 1908.
- The Nation as a Business Firm, an Attempt to Cut a Path Through Jungle. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1910.[85][86][87][88]
- Social Reform as Related to Realities and Delusions; an Examination of the Increase and Distribution of Wealth from 1801 to 1910. London: John Murray, 1914.
- The Limits of Pure Democracy. London: Chapman & Hall. London, 1918 (1st Pub. 1917).[89][90][91]
- Democracy; being an Abridged Edition of 'The Limits of Pure Democracy', with an introduction by the Duke of Northumberland. London: Chapman & Hall, ltd., 1924.
- Capital, War & Wages, Three Questions in Outline. London: Blackie & Son Limited, 1918.
- Memoirs of Life and Literature. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1920.[92][93][94][95]
As editor
- Letters, Remains, and Memoirs of Edward Adolphus Seymour, Twelfth Duke of Somerset, with Helen Guendolen Seymour Ramsden. London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1893.
Articles
- "Prophets and Poets," Dark Blue, Vol. XIV, April 1871.
- "The Golden Ass of Apuleius," Fraser's Magazine, New Series, Vol. XIV, July/December, 1876.
- "Seneca's Œdipus," The Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. CCXL, January/June, 1877.
- "Modern Atheism – Its Attitude Towards Morality," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXIX, January, 1877.[96]
- "Is Life Worth Living?," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. II, August/December, 1877; Part II (conclusion), Vol. III, January/June, 1878.
- "The Future of Faith," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXI, March 1878.
- "Positivism on an Island," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXII, April 1878.[97][98]
- "A Familiar Colloquy on Recent Art," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV, July/December, 1878.
- "Faith and Verification," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV, July/December, 1878.
- "Dogma and Morality," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. IV, July/December, 1878.
- "The Logic of Toleration," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. V, January/June, 1879.
- "Intolerance and Persecution," Appleton's Journal, Vol. VI, No. 32, February 1879.
- "A Dialogue on Human Happiness," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VI, July/December, 1879.[99][100]
- "Impressions of Theophrastus Such, by George Elliott," The Edinburgh Review, Vol. CL, October 1879.
- "Atheistic Methodism," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VII, January/June, 1880.
- "Atheism and the Rights of Man," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VII, January/June, 1880.
- "Atheism and Repentance – A Familiar Colloquy," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VIII, July/December, 1880.
- "The Philosophy of Conservatism," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VIII, July/December, 1880.[101]
- "Civilization and Equality – A Familiar Colloquy," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XL, October, 1881.
- "A Missing Science," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XL, December, 1881.
- "Radicalism – A Familiar Colloquy," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. IX, January/June, 1881.
- "The Functions of Wealth," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XLI, February, 1882.
- "The Radicalism of the Marketplace," National Review, Vol. I, June 1883.
- "English Radicalism and the People," National Review, Vol. I, 1883.
- "Radicalism and the Working Classes," National Review, Vol. II, September 1883.
- "Conservatism and Socialism," The National Review, Vol. II, 1883.
- "Landlords and the National Income," The National Review, Vol. II, 1883.
- "Conversations With a Solitary," The North American Review, Vol. CXXXIV, No. 306, May, 1882; Part II, Vol. CXXXVII, No. 322, September, 1883; Part III, Vol. CXXXVII, No. 324, November, 1883.
- "How to Popularize Unpopular Political Truths," National Review, Vol. VI, 1885.
- "The Old Order Changes," National Review, Vol. VI, 1885.
- "The Convalescence of Faith," The Forum, Vol. II, 1886.
- "Faith and Physical Science," The Forum, Vol. II, 1886.
- "Notes on Mr. Hyndman's 'Reply'," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XLI, 1887.
- "Wealth and the Working Classes," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XLI, 1887.
- "What is the Object of Life?," The Forum, Vol. III, August 1887.[102]
- "Values and Prices," The Library Magazine, Vol. III, April/June, 1887.
- "Qualities of the Bourgeoisie," Fortnightly Review, 1887.
- "Scientific Prospects of Labor," Fortnightly Review, 1887.
- "Conservatism and the Diffusion of Property," National Review, Vol. XI, 1888.
- "Poverty, Sympathy and Economics," The Forum, Vol. V, 1888.
- "Scenes in Cyprus," Scribner's Magazine, September 1888.
- "Radicals and the Unearned Increment," National Review, Vol. XIII, 1889.
- "Science and the Revolution," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LII, 1889.
- "The Scientific Basis of Optimism," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XLV, 1889.[103]
- "Cowardly Agnosticism, a Word with Prof. Huxley," Fortnightly Review, April 1889.
- "The Conditions of Great Poetry," Quarterly Review, Vol. 192, 1900.
- "Mr. Labouchere: The Democrat," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LIII, 1890.
- "Reason Alone: A Reply to Father Sebastian Bowden," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LIV, 1890.
- "A Catholic Theologian on Natural Religion," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LIV, 1890.
- "Qualities of the Bourgeoisie," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XLVIII, 1890.
- "Scientific Prospects of Labor," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XLVIII, 1890.
- "The Rights of the Weak," National Review, 1890.
- "Through Three Civilizations," Scribner's Magazine, February 1890.
- "The Relation of Art to Truth," The Forum, Vol. IX, March 1890.
- "The Individualist Ideal," The New Review, Vol. IV, No. 21, 1891.[104]
- "A Human Document," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LVI, 1891.
- "Public Life and Private Morals," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LV, 1891.
- "Trade-Unionism and Utopia," The Forum, Vol. XI, April 1891.
- "Wanted: A New Corrupt Practices Act," National Review, Vol. XX, 1892.
- "Amateur Christianity," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LVII, 1892.[105]
- "Poetry and Lord Lytton," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LVII, 1892.
- "The Souls," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LII, 1892.
- "Le Style C'est L'Homme," The New Review, Vol. VI, 1892.[106]
- "Lady Jeune on London Society," The North American Review, July 1892.
- "Are Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray Obsolete?," The Forum, December 1892.
- "The Divisibility of Wealth," New Review, Vol. VIII, 1893
- "A Common Ground of Agreement for All Parties," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "The Causes of the National Income," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "Capital: Fixed and Circulating," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "Wealth, Labour and Ability," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "The Future Income of Labour," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "The Spontaneous Diffusion of Wealth," The National Review, Vol. XXI, 1893.
- "Social Remedies of the Labor Party," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LIII, 1893.
- "Conservatism and Democracy," Quarterly Review, Vol. CLXXVI, January/April 1893.
- "Who Are the Greatest Wealth Producers?," The North American Review, June 1893.
- "The Productivity of the Individual," The North American Review, November 1893.
- "Socialist in a Corner," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LV, 1894.
- "Fabian Economics," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LV, 1894.
- "Heart of Life," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LVI, 1894.
- "How Socialism Differs From Individualism," Public Opinion, Vol. XVII, 1894.
- "The Minimum of Humane Living," Pall Mall Magazine, January 1894.[107]
- "Fashion and Intellect," The North American Review, June 1894.
- "The Significance of Modern Poverty," The North American Review, September 1894.
- "Physics and Sociology," Contemporary Review, Vol. LXVIII, 1895.
- "Religion of Humanity," Nineteenth Century, Vol. XXXVIII, 1895.
- "The Census and the Condition of the People," The Pall Mall Magazine, Vol. V, January/April, 1895.
- "The Real 'Quintessence of Socialism'," The Forum, Vol. XIX, April 1895.
- "Is an Income Tax Socialistic?," The Forum, Vol. XIX, August 1895.
- "Demand and Supply under Socialism,"]The Forum, Vol. XX, October 1895.
- "Bimetallism and the Nature of Money," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LX, 1896.
- "Altruism in Economics," The Forum, August 1896.
- "Unrecognized Essence of Democracy," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXII, 1897.
- "New Study of Natural Religion," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXII, 1897.
- "The Buck-Jumping of Labor," The Nineteenth Century, XLII, No. 247, September 1897.
- "The Theoretical Foundation of Socialism: A Reply to Mr. Hyndman," Cosmopolis, Vol. IX, February 1898.
- "Does the Church of England Teach Anything?," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. XLIV, July/December, 1898.
- "Mr. Herbert Spencer in Self Defense," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. XLIV, July/December, 1898.[108]
- "The Intellectual Future of Catholicism," Nineteenth Century, Vol. XLVI, 1899.[109]
- "The Comedy of Christian Science," National Review, Vol. XXXIII, 1899.
- "The Limitations of Art," The Anglo-Saxon Review, Vol. V, June 1900.
- "A Squire’s Household in the Reign of George I," The Anglo-Saxon Review, Vol. VIII, March 1901.
- "Religion and Science," Part II, Fortnightly Review, September/November 1901.[110][111]
- "A New Light on the Bacon-Shakespeare Cypher," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. L, July/December 1901.[112]
- "The Alleged Economic Decay of Great Britain," The Monthly Review, Vol. VI, 1902.
- "Mrs. Gallup’s Cypher Story – Bacon-Shakespeare-Pope," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LI, January/June, 1902.
- "The Latest Shipwreck of Metaphysics," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LI, January/June, 1902.
- "Last Words on Mrs. Gallup’s Alleged Cypher," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LII, July/December, 1902.
- "The Myth of the Big and Little Loaf," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXIV, 1903.
- "The Secret of Carlyle's Life," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXIX, 1903.
- "The Gospel of Mr. F. W. H. Myers," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LIII, January/June 1893.[113]
- "New Facts Relating to the Bacon – Shakespeare Question," Part II, The Pall Mall Magazine, Vol. XXIX, January/April, 1903.[114]
- "The Great Fiscal Problem," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LIV, July/December, 1903.
- "Free Thought in the Church of England," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVI, September 1904.[115][116]
- "Free Thought in the Church of England, a Rejoinder," The Nineteenth Century and After, July/December, 1904.
- "Reconstruction of Belief," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LXXXVII, April 1905.
- "Through Matter and Mind," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LXXXVIII, July 1905.
- "Science and Immortality: A Reply," The North American Review, October 1905.[117]
- "Two Attacks on Science," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXXIV, August 1905.
- "Sir Oliver Lodge on Religion and Science," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXXIV, November 1905.
- "Christianity as a Natural Religion," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVIII, July/December, 1905.[118]
- "A Guide to the 'Statistical Abstract'," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVIII, July/December, 1905.[119]
- "Lodge on Life and Matter," Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXXVI, July 1906.
- "Great Fortunes and the Community," The North American Review, Vol. CLXXXIII, No. 598, September, 1906.
- "The Expatriation of Capital," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LIX, January/June, 1906.
- "Two Poet Laureates on Life," National Review, August 1906 [Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLI, October 1906].
- "The Political Powers of Labour – Their Extent and Their Limitations," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LX, July/December, 1906.[120]
- "A Critical Examination of Socialism," The North American Review, No. 613, 19 April 1907; No. 614, 3 May 1907; No. 615, 17 May 1907; No. 616, 7 June 1907.
- "First Impressions of America," The Outlook, Vol. LXXXVI, June 1907.
- "Christian Socialism," Putnam's Monthly, Vol. III, October, 1907/March, 1908.
- "Persuasive Socialism," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXIII, January/June, 1908.
- "Correspondence – Mr. Mallock Replies," The New Age, Vol. II, No. 23, 11 April 1908.[121]
- "A Century of Socialistic Experiments," The Dublin Review, Vol. CXLV, No. 290-291, July/October, 1909.
- "The Missing Essentials in Economic Science," Part II, The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXV, January/June, 1909; Part III, Vol. LXVI, July/December, 1909.
- "Phantom Millions," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXVI, July/December, 1909.
- "The Possibilities of an Income Tax According with the Scheme of Pitt," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXVI, March 1910.[122]
- "The Facts at the Back of Unemployment," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXIX, January/June, 1911.
- "Socialistic Ideas and Practical Politics," The Nineteenth Century and After, April 1912.[123]
- "Labour Unrest as a Subject of Official Investigation," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXXI, 1912.[124]
- "The Intellectual Bankruptcy of Socialism," The National Review, August 1912.[125]
- "Women in Parliament," Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXXII, 1912.
- "The Social Data of Radicalism," Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXXIII, 1913.[126]
- "A Catholic Critique of Current Social Theories," The Dublin Review, Vol. CLV, No. 311, July 1914.
- "War Expenditure of the United Kingdom," Fortnightly Review, Vol. CIV, August 1915.
- "Cost of War, the Limits of Supertaxation," Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXXVIII, September 1915.
- "The Distribution of Incomes," The North American Review, June 1916.
- "Capital and the Cost of the War," Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LXXXIII, January 1918.
- "Memories of Men and Places," Harper's Weekly, May/June, 1920.
Translations
- "Lucretius on Life and Death," The Anglo-Saxon Review, Vol. III, December 1899.
- "The Bridal Hymns of Catullus," The Anglo-Saxon Review, Vol. VII, December 1900.
See also
References
- ^ "Mallock, William Hurrell." In: New American Supplement to the Latest Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. IV, Ed. by Day Otis Kellog. New York: The Werner Company, 1897, p. 1976.
- ^ Mallock, William H. (1871). The Isthmus of Suez. Oxford: T. Shrimpton & Son.
- ^ Russell, Frances Theresa (1920). Satire in the Victorian Novel. New York: The Macmillan Company.
- ^ Sewall, John S. (1879). "The New Era of Intolerance," New Englander and Yale Review, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 150, pp. 339–349.
- ^ Daiches, David (1951). "Malicious Panorama of Late Victorian Thought," New Republic, Vol. 124, No. 9, p. 26.
- ^ Cumming, Mark (2004). "Mallock, William Hurrell." In: The Carlyle Encyclopedia. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, p. 333.
- ^ a b c One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mallock, William Hurrell". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 492.
- ^ Patrick, J. Max (1956). "The Portrait of Huxley in Mallock's 'New Republic'," Nineteenth Century Fiction, Vol. XI, No. 1, pp. 61–69.
- ^ Margolis, John D. (1967). "W. H. Mallock's The New Republic: A Study in Late Victorian Satire," English Literature in Transition, 1880–1920, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 10–25.
- ^ Guy, Josephine M. (1998). The Victorian Age: An Anthology of Sources and Documents. London: Routledge.
- ^ In the words of James Huneker: "rather cruelly treated."—"On Rereading Mallock." In: Unicorns. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1917, p. 153.
- ^ Greenslet, Ferris (1905). "Oxford." In: Walter Pater. New York: McClure, Phillips & Co., pp. 17–37.
- ^ Wright, Thomas (1907). "The New Republic." In: The Life of Walter Pater. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, pp. 10–18.
- ^ Thomas, Edward (1913). "Middle Life." In: Walter Pater: A Critical Study. London: Martin Secker, pp. 41–53.
- ^ Pater, Walter Horatio (1876). "A Study of Dionysus: The Spiritual Form of Fire and Dew," Fortnightly Review, Vol. XX, No. 120, pp. 752–772 (Rep. in Greek Studies; a Series of Essays. London: Macmillan & Co., 1920, pp. 9–52).
- ^ Lucas, John (1966). "Tilting at the Moderns: W.H. Mallock's Criticism of the Positivist Spirit," Renaissance and Modern Studies, Vol. X, No. 1, pp. 88–143.
- ^ Christensen, John M. (1978). "New Atlantis Revisited: Science and the Victorian Tale of the Future," Science Fiction Studies, Vol. V, No. 3, pp. 243–249.
- ^ Reynolds, Henry Robert (1878). "Mr. Mallock's Claim on Behalf of the Church of Rome," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXII, pp. 626–638.
- ^ Conder, Eustace R. (1878). "The Faith of the Future," The Contemporary Review, Vol. XXXII, pp. 638–646.
- ^ Onahan, Mary Josephine (1893). "Why Not the Pope, Mr. Mallock?," The Globe, Vol. IV, No. 13, pp. 468–472.
- ^ "Catholicism and Mr. W. H. Mallock", The Dublin Review, Vol. XXXII, No. 2, April 1879, pp. 261–280.
- ^ "'Cowardly Agnosticism,' A Word With Prof. Huxley," [reprinted in Popular Science Monthly Volume 35, June 1889, pp. 225–251].
- ^ Christianity and Agnosticism: A Controversy. New York: Humboldt Publishing Co., 1889.
- ^ Lynd, Helen Merrill (1945). England in the Eighteen Eighties. London: Oxford University Press, pp. 74–76.
- ^ Ford, D. J. (1974). "W. H. Mallock and Socialism in England, 1880–1918." In: Kenneth D. Brown (ed.), Essays in Anti-Labor History: Responses to the Rise of Labor in Britain. London: Archon Books, pp. 317–342.
- ^ Scudder, M. E. (1907). "Mr. Mallock on Socialism," The Independent, Vol. LXII, No. 3038, pp. 448–449.
- ^ "Socialistic Fallacies," The Argus, 29 June 1907, p. 7.
- ^ "Socialism Impractical, W.H. Mallock Declares," The New York Times, 10 February 1907.
- ^ "Mallock Talks on Socialism," The New York Times, 13 February 1907.
- ^ Wilshire, Gaylord (1907). "What Socialism Gives to Genius," The New York Times, 16 February 1907.
- ^ Wilshire, Gaylord (1907). "The Individual and Society," The New York Times, 20 February 1907.
- ^ "Socialism Based on a Fallacy," The New York Times, 20 February 1907.
- ^ Mallock, William H. (1907). Socialism. New York: The National Civic Federation.
- ^ Hillquit, Morris (1907). Mr. Mallock's "Ability". New York: Socialist Literature Co.
- ^ Mallock, William H. (1908). A Critical Examination of Socialism. London: John Murray, p. vii.
- ^ Cheek, Lee (2012). "W. H. Mallock Revisited," The Imaginative Conservative, 3 January.
- ^ Tillotson, Geoffrey (1951). Criticism and the Nineteenth Century. London: Athlone Press, p. 124.
- ^ Sainstsbury, George (1923). A Second Scrap Book. London: Macmillan & Co., pp. 178–180.
- ^ Kirk, Russell (1960). The Conservative Mind. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, pp. 450–452.
- ^ Mallock (1900), p. xxi.
- ^ Ouida (1895). Views and Opinions. London: Methuen & Co.
- ^ Phillips, Tom (1980). A Humument: A Treated Victorian Novel, London: Thames and Hudson.
- ^ Traister, Daniel. "W.H. Mallock and A Human Document" Archived 21 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine at Humument.com.
- ^ Qualls, Barry V. (1978). "W.H. Mallock's Every Man his Own Poet," Victorian Poetry, Vol. XVI, pp. 176–187.
- ^ "A Criticism of 'The New Paul and Virginia'," The Popular Science Monthly, Supplement, 1878, pp. 475–477.
- ^ French edition La Vie Vaut-elle la Peine de Vivre? Étude sur la Morale Positiviste. Paris: Pedone-Lauriel, 1904.
- ^ "A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," The Literary News, Vol. II, 1881, pp. 236–237.
- ^ Boodle, R.W. (1881). "Mr. Mallock's A Romance of the Nineteenth Century," Canadian Monthly and National Review, Vol. VII, pp. 322–327.
- ^ "Social Equality, by William Hurrell Mallock," The Century Magazine, December 1882, p. 307.
- ^ "Social Equality," Library of the World's Best Literature, Vol. XXX, 1898, pp. 553–554.
- ^ Hawthorne, Julian (1887). "Mr. Mallock’s Missing Science." In: Confessions and Criticism. Boston: Ticknor & Company, pp. 163–171.
- ^ French edition L'Égalité Sociale: Étude sur une Science qui nous Manque. Paris: Firmin-Didot, 1883.
- ^ Mann, Henry (1885). "A Reply to Mr. Mallock." In: Features of Society in Old and New England. Providence: Sydney S. Rider, 1885.
- ^ MacCarthy, John (1887). "Mr. Mallock on the Labor and Social Movements," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XII, pp. 85–110.
- ^ Price, L. L. (1894). "Labor and Popular Welfare," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. IV, No. 4, pp. 529–530.
- ^ Breckenridge, Roeliff M. (1894). "Labor and the Popular Welfare," Political Science Quarterly, Vol. IX, No. 3, pp. 555–557.
- ^ Cummings, John (1894). "Labor and the Popular Welfare by W.H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 309–312.
- ^ "Rousseaunism Revisited," The Quarterly Review, Vol. CLXXIX, July/October 1894, pp. 414–438.
- ^ Macdonell, Annie (1895). "Mr. Mallock's New Novel," The Bookman, Vol. II, No. 1, p. 41.
- ^ "The Heart of Life," The Literary News, Vol. XVI, No. 9, September, 1895, pp. 257–258.
- ^ Hull, E. R. (1896). "Mr. Mallock as a Defender of Natural Religion," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XXI, pp. 618–635.
- ^ Virtue, G. O. (1896). "Classes and Masses or Wealth, Hopes and Welfare in the United Kingdom: A Handbook of Social Facts for Practical Thinkers and Speakers by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 535–537.
- ^ Ball, Sidney (1897). "Classes and Masses," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. VII, No. 3, pp. 383–385.
- ^ "The Classes and the Masses," The Bookman, June 1898, p. 78.
- ^ "Aristocracy and Evolution, by William Hurrell Mallock," The Outlook, 15 October 1898, p. 442.
- ^ Crook, J. W. (1899). "Aristocracy and Evolution," Annals of the American Academy of Political Science, Vol. XIII, pp. 104–106.
- ^ Veblen, Thorstein B. (1898). "Aristocracy and Evolution: A Study of the Rights, the Origin, and the Social Functions of the Wealthier Classes by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 430–435.
- ^ "Tristram Lacy, or The Individualist, by W.H. Mallock," The Bookman, September 1899, p. 87.
- ^ Wyman, Rev. Henry H. (1902). "Doctrine Versus Doctrinal Disruption," The Catholic World, Vol, LXXV, pp. 642–646.
- ^ O'Neill, Rev. John (1906). "Religion as a Credible Doctrine," Part II, The Irish Ecclesiastical Record, Vol. XIX, pp. 21–30, 113–131.
- ^ Wenley, R. M. (1904). "Religion as a Credible Doctrine," The American Journal of Theology, Vol. VIII, No. 2, pp. 357–360.
- ^ Brosnahan, Timothy (1903). "Mr. W.H. Mallock’s Entanglement," The Messenger, Vol. XXXIX, No. 3, pp. 245–262.
- ^ Fox, James J. (1903). "Mr. William H. Mallock’s Defense of Religion," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXVII, No. 458, pp. 143–154.
- ^ Fitzsimmons, Rev. S. (1904). "Mr. Mallock on Science and Religion," The American Catholic Quarterly Review, Vol. XXIX, pp. 74–92.
- ^ Driscoll, John T. (1903). "Philosophy and Science at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century," The North American Review, Vol. CLXXVI, No. 556, pp. 422–435.
- ^ "Science Versus Religion," The Literary Digest, 11 June 1904, p. 859.
- ^ Barry, William (1904). "Mr. Mallock's Apology for Religion," The Bookman, July 1904, pp. 135–136.
- ^ Driscoll, John D. (1904). "Mr. Mallock and the Philosophy of Theism," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXX, No. 475, pp. 1–10.
- ^ Driscoll, John T. (1906). "Mr. Mallock and the Science-Philosophy," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXXII, No. 492, pp. 721–733.
- ^ Wyman, Rev. Henry H. (1906)."Mr. Mallock's Psychology: A Scientific Argument," The American Ecclesiastical Review, Vol. XXXIV, No. 4, pp. 372–376.
- ^ Abbott, Lyman (1908). "Socialism," The Outlook, Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 10, pp. 537–540.
- ^ Hoxie, R. F. (1908). "A Critical Examination of Socialism by W. H. Mallock," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 540–542.
- ^ "Socialism," The Dublin Review, Vol. CXLII, No. 285, April 1908, pp. 421–422.
- ^ Chamberlain, John (1989). "A Reviewers Notebook: A Critical Examination of Socialism," The Freeman, Vol. XXXIX, No. 10.
- ^ Young, Allyn A. (1911). "Mr. Mallock as Statistician and British Income Statistics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XXV, No. 2, pp. 376–386.
- ^ Le Rossignol, J. E. (1911). "The Nation as a Business Firm," The American Economic Review, Vol. I, No. 2, pp. 399–402.
- ^ Wicker, George Ray (1911). "The Nation as a Business Firm," Political Science Quarterly, Vol. XXVI, No. 3, pp. 532–533.
- ^ Cross, Ira B. (1912). "The Nation as a Business Firm," Annals of the American Academy of Political Science, Vol. XXXIX, pp. 207–208.
- ^ "The Limits of Pure Democracy," The International Journal of Ethics, Vol. XXVIII, July , 1918, pp. 567–568.
- ^ Durant, Will (1918). "Stimulating Because Untrue," The Dial, Vol. LXV, pp. 115–117.
- ^ Yarros, Victor S. (1920). "Recent Assaults on Democracy." In: Our Revolution; Essays in Interpretation. Boston: Richard G. Badger, pp. 115–128.
- ^ West, Henry Litchfield. "A Lift of Enjoyment and Endeavor," The Bookman, Vol. LII, No. 3, p. 269.
- ^ "Memoirs of Life and Literature," The North American Review, Vol. CCXII, No. 780, November, 1920, pp. 713–716.
- ^ More, Paul Elmer (1920). "A Tory Unabashed," The Weekly Review, Vol. III, No. 76, p. 377.
- ^ "A Crusader in Behalf of Conservatism," Current Opinion, Vol. LXIX, 1920, pp. 851–853.
- ^ Bevington, Louisa Sarah (1879). "Modern Atheism and Mr. Mallock," "Conclusion", The Nineteenth Century, Vol. VI, pp. 585–603, 999–1020.
- ^ Rep. in The New York Times, 21 April 1878.
- ^ Rep. in The Popular Science Monthly, Supplement, Vol. XIII-XVIII, 1878.
- ^ Rep. in The Eclectic Magazine, Vol. XXX, July/December 1879.
- ^ Rep. in The Library Magazine, Vol. II, 1880.
- ^ Rep. in The Library Magazine, Vol. VI, 1880.
- ^ Romanes, George J. (1887). "What is the Object of Life?," The Forum, Vol. III, pp. 345–352.
- ^ Le Sueur, William Dawson (1889). "Mr. Mallock on Optimism," Popular Science Monthly, Vol. XXXV, pp. 531–541.
- ^ Buckley, Catherine (1978). "Morris and his Critics," Journal of William Morris Society, Vol. III, No. 4, pp. 14–19.
- ^ Rep. in The Eclectic Magazine, Vol. LVI, July/December 1892.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CXCIII, 1892.
- ^ Moffat, Robert Scott (1894). "Mr. W. H. Mallock on the Living Wage," The Free Review, Vol. II, pp. 17–35.
- ^ Spencer, Herbert (1898). "What is Social Evolution?," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. XLIV, pp. 348–358.
- ^ "The Intellectual Future of Catholicism," The Tablet, 4 November 1899, p. 738–739.
- ^ Fox, James J. (1902). "Mr. W. H. Mallock on 'The Conflict of Science and Religion'," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXIV, pp. 424–432.
- ^ Maher, Michael (1902). "Reply to Mr. W. H. Mallock’s Criticism." In: Psychology, Empirical and Rational. London: Longmans, Green & Co., pp. 603–610.
- ^ Candler, H. (1902). "Mrs. Gallup’s Cypher Story: A Reply to Mr. Mallock," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LI, pp. 39–49.
- ^ Myers, F. W. H. (1903). Human Personality, Vol. II. New York & Bombay: Longmans, Green & Co.
- ^ Greg, Walter W. (1903). "Facts and Fancies in Baconian Theory," The Library, New Series, Vol. IV, pp. 47–62.
- ^ Withworth, W. Allen (1904). "Free Thought in the Church England, a Reply," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVI, pp. 737–745.
- ^ Smith, H. Maynard (1904). "Mr. Mallock and the Bishop of Worcester," The Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. LVI, pp. 746–755.
- ^ Christison, J. Sanderson (1905). "Science and Immortality," The North American Review, Vol. CLXXX, No. 583, pp. 842–855.
- ^ Sullivan, William L. (1906). "Mr. Mallock on the Naturalness of Christianity," The Catholic World, Vol. LXXXII, pp. 527–536.
- ^ Wilson, A. J. (1906). "Mr. W. H. Mallock Statistical Abstract," The Investors' Review, Vol. XVII, No. 418, pp. 2–6.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. XXXII, July/September 1906.
- ^ Sharp, Clifford (1908). "A Challenge to Mr. Mallock," The New Age, Vol. II, No. 23, p. 449.
- ^ Smith, Robert H. (1911). "Distribution of Income in Great Britain and Incidence of Income Tax," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. XXV, pp. 216–238.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIII, 1912.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIV, 1912.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXIV, 1912.
- ^ Rep. in The Living Age, Vol. CCLXXVII, 1913.
Further reading
- Adams, Amy Belle (1934). The Novels of William Hurrell Mallock. University of Maine Studies, Second Series, No. 30. Orono: University of Maine Press.
- Bain, James Tom (1972). The Social Conservatism of W.H. Mallock. Thesis (M.A.): Tulane University.
- Brown, Douglas P. (2004). The Formation of the Thought of a Young English Conservative: W. H. Mallock and the Contest for Cultural and Socio-Economic Authority, 1849-1884. PhD dissertation, University of Missouri.
- Buckley, Jerome (1964). The Victorian Temper. New York: Vintage Books.
- Burn, W. L. (1949). "English Conservatism," The Nineteenth Century, Vol. CXLV, pp. 1–11, 67–76.
- Coker, Francis W. (1933). "Mallock, William, H. 1849-1923." In: Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Ed. by Edwin R.A. Seligman & Alvin Johnson, Vol. X. London: Macmillan & Co., pp. 66–67.
- Denisoff, Dennis (2001). "The Leering Creatures of W. H. Mallock and Vernon Lee." In: Aestheticism and Sexual Parody: 1840-1940. Cambridge University Press.
- Douglas, Roy (2003). "Mallock and the 'Most Elaborate Answer'," The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. LXII, No. 5, pp. 117–136.
- Eccleshall, Robert (1990). English Conservatism Since the Restoration: An Introduction & Anthology. London: Unwin Hyman.
- Gartner, Russell R. (1979). William Hurrell Mallock: An Intellectual Biography. PhD dissertation, City University of New York.
- Egedy, Gergely (2004). "Conservatism versus Socialism. The late-Victorian Prophet of Inequality, Mallock," Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research), Vol. XXII, No. 1, pp. 147–161.
- Hobson, John A. (1898). "Mr. Mallock as Political Economists," The Contemporary Review, Vol. LXXIII, pp. 528–539.
- Ingalls, Joshua King (1885). Social Wealth: The Sole Factors and Exact Ratios in its Acquirement and Apportionment. New York: Social Science Pub. Co.
- Jennings, Jeremy (1991). "Masses, Démocratie et Aristocratie dans le Pensée Politique en Angleterre," Mil Neuf Cent, Vol. IX, No. 9, pp. 99–112.
- Jarrett-Keer, Martim (1985). "W. H. Mallock: Radical Tory, Romantic Classicist," PN Review, Vol. XI, No. 5.
- Kearney, Anthony (2012). "W. H. Mallock's Jenkinson and Thomas Love Peacock's Jenkison; a Likely Connection," Notes and Queries, Vol. LIX, No. 3, pp. 387–390.
- Kirk, Russell (1982). The Portable Conservative Reader. New York: Viking Press.
- Krueger, Christine L. (2003). "Mallock, William Hurrell, 1849-1923." In: Encyclopedia of British Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries. New York: Facts on File Inc., 223–224.
- Leon, Daniel De (1908). "Marx on Mallock," Daily People, Vol. VIII, No. 245.
- Lucas, John (1971). "Conservatism and Revolution in the 1880s." In: Literature and Politics in the Nineteenth Century. London: Taylor & Francis, pp. 173–219.
- Lutzi, Pearl Antoinette (1917). The Social and Religious Ideas of W. H. Mallock. Thesis (M.A.): University of California.
- McCandless, Amy Maureen Thompson (1970). Change and the Conservative: A Study of William Hurrell Mallock. Thesis (M.A.): University of Wisconsin-Madison.
- Muller, Jerry Z. (1997) Conservatism: An Anthology of Social and Political Thought from David Hume to the Present. Princeton University Press.
- Nickerson, Charles C. (1963). "A Bibliography of the Novels of W. H. Mallock," English Literature in Transition, 1880-1920, Vol. VI, No. 4, pp. 190–198.
- Peters, J. N. (2004). "William Hurrell Mallock." In: H.C.G. Matthew & Brian Harrison (eds.), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 36. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 337–338.
- Ramos, Iolanda (2006). "Clues to Utopia in W. H. Mallock’s The New Republic," Spaces of Utopia: An Electronic Journal, No. 2, pp. 28–41.
- Reichert, William O. (1956). The Conservative Mind of William Hurrell Mallock, PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota.
- Scott, Patrick G. (1971). "Mallock and Clough – A Correction," Nineteenth Century Fiction, Vol. XXVI, No. 3, pp. 347–348.
- Scott, T. H. S. (1897). Social Transformations of the Victorian Age. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
- Sitwell, Osbert. Laughter in the Next Room. Boston: Little, Brown, & Company.
- Spargo, John (1907). Modern Socialism. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Company.
- Thorne, W. H. (1893). "The Mallock Light," The Globe, Vol. IV, No. 13, August/November, pp. 459–468.
- Todd, Arthur James (1926). Theories of Social Progress. New York: The Macmillan Company.
- Tucker, Albert V. (1962). "W. H. Mallock and Late Victorian Conservatism," University of Toronto Quarterly, Vol. XXXI, No. 2, pp. 223–241.
- Wallace, George (1908). "Cause and Growth of Socialism." In: The Disinherited. Observations in Travel. New York: J.S. Ogilvie Publishing Company.
- Williams, Raymond (1960). "W. H. Mallock." In: Culture & Society 1780-1950. New York: Anchor Books.
- Wilshire, Gaylord (1907). Socialism – The Mallock-Wilshire Argument. New York: Wilshire Book Co.
- Woodring, Carl (1947). "William H. Mallock: A Neglected Wit," More Books, Vol. XII.
- Woodring, Carl (1951). "Notes on Mallock's 'The New Republic'," Nineteenth Century Fiction, Vol. VI, pp. 71–74.
- Wolff, Robert Lee (1977). Gains and Losses: Novels of Faith and Doubt in Victorian England. New York and London: Garland Publishing.
- Yarker, P. M. (1955). "Voltaire Among the Positivists: A Study of W. H. Mallock's The New Paul and Virginia." In: Essays and Studies. London: John Murray.
- Yarker, P. M. (1959). "W. H. Mallock's Other Novels," Nineteenth-Century Fiction, Vol. XIV, No. 3, pp. 189–205.
External links
- Works by William Hurrell Mallock at Project Gutenberg
- Works by W. H. (William Hurrell) Mallock at Faded Page (Canada)
- Works by or about William Hurrell Mallock at the Internet Archive
- Works by William Hurrell Mallock, at Google Books
- Works by William Hurrell Mallock, at Hathi Trust
- Works by William Hurrell Mallock at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)