Uivar

Uivar
Commune
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Uivar
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°39′N 20°54′E / 45.650°N 20.900°E / 45.650; 20.900
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Established1811
Government
 • Mayor (2020–)Bogdan-Gheorghe Săvulescu (PSD)
Area
[2]
97.1 km2 (37.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[1]
2,471
 • Density25.4/km2 (65.9/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Postal code
307445–307451
Vehicle reg.TM
Websitewww.primariauivar.ro

Uivar (Hungarian: Újvár; German: Neuburg an der Bega; Serbian: Ујвар, romanized: Ujvar)[3] is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Pustiniș, Răuți, Sânmartinu Maghiar and Uivar (commune seat). Two other villages, Otelec and Iohanisfeld, which had been part of Uivar commune since 1968, were split off in 2008 to form Otelec commune.[4]

Geography

Uivar is situated in the lowland area of the Banat Plain, which, prior to the hydro-improvement works of the 18th century, was a vast marshland dotted with occasional gravel patches. The terrain is flat, with elevations ranging from 75 to 85 meters, and is bordered by a network of meanders, oxbow lakes, and large depressions.

Uivar is located within the Timiș–Bega hydrographic basin. The main watercourses in the area include the Bega Canal, the Beregsău and Timișat streams, and the Țeba–Timișat Canal, all complemented by an extensive network of drainage canals. The Bega Canal traverses the commune from east to southwest over a length of 22 km. The Țeba and Timișat, now regulated, were formerly natural branches of the Bega River prior to its canalization.

History

Remains of Neolithic, Daco-Roman and medieval settlements were discovered on the territory of the commune. Archaeological excavations here revealed a Neolithic settlement from the 5th millennium BC that belongs to the Vinča culture.[5][6]

The first recorded mention of Uivar dates from 1811, when 50 German families were colonized here.[7][8] Each family then received 32 jugers of arable land. In 1851 a new wave of colonization took place, this time with Hungarians from the Szeged area and Germans. The village then became German-Hungarian, but over time the Hungarian element dissipated, leaving an overwhelming majority of Germans. After World War II, their number began to decline sharply and they were gradually replaced by Romanians from other parts of Banat as well as Vojvodina, Transylvania, Western Moldavia and Oltenia. Today the village is mostly Romanian.

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2021)[9]
  1. Romanians (74.1%)
  2. Hungarians (9.42%)
  3. Roma (4.93%)
  4. Others (11.6%)
Religious composition (2021)[10]
  1. Orthodox (60.0%)
  2. Roman Catholics (14.2%)
  3. Greek Catholics (9.26%)
  4. Pentecostals (3.56%)
  5. Unknown (11.0%)
  6. Others (1.85%)
  7. Irreligious, atheists and agnostics (0.16%)

Uivar had a population of 2,471 inhabitants at the 2021 census, up 0.73% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (74.09%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (9.42%) and Roma (4.93%).[9] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (60.01%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (14.16%), Greek Catholics (9.26%) and Pentecostals (3.56%). For 11% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[10]

Census[11] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs
1880 3,928 684 1,730 1,487 – 20
1890 4,884 704 1,709 2,407 – 47
1900 5,109 770 1,766 2,390 – 168
1910 4,925 868 1,895 2,075 – 59
1920 1,964[a] 22 1,517 418 – –
1930 4,889 942 1,934 1,922 56 29
1941 4,610 868 1,807 1,823 – –
1956 4,620 – – – – –
1966 4,128 2,035 1,404 657 5 26
1977 3,525 1,988 1,052 417 51 12
1992 2,687 1,818 673 62 122 9
2002 2,716 1,946 567 38 147 7
2011 2,453 1,810 394 17 114 5
2021 2,471 1,831 233 7 122 8

Politics and administration

The commune of Uivar is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 13 councilors. The mayor, Bogdan-Gheorghe Săvulescu, from the Social Democratic Party, has been in office since 2020. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties:[12]

Party Seats Composition
Social Democratic Party 8
Alliance for the Union of Romanians 4
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 1

Notable people

Notes

  1. ^ Data on the populations of Pustiniș and Uivar missing

References

  1. ^ "2021 Romanian census". National Institute of Statistics.
  2. ^ "Informații generale". Primăria comunei Uivar.
  3. ^ Popov, Dejan (2018). Bugarski, Stevan (ed.). "Свештенство Епархије темишварске 1797. године" (PDF). Темишварски зборник. 10. Novi Sad: Матица српска: 177–197.
  4. ^ "Lege privind înființarea comunei Otelec, prin reorganizarea comunei Uivar, județul Timiș" (PDF). Camera Deputaților. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-16. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  5. ^ Luca, Sabin Adrian (2006). Descoperiri arheologice din Banatul românesc: repertoriu (PDF). Alba Iulia: Altip. pp. 261–262. ISBN 973-7724-84-4.
  6. ^ Drașovean, Florin; et al. (2017). "The lives of houses: duration, context, and history at Neolithic Uivar, Romania". European Journal of Archaeology. 20 (4): 1–27. doi:10.1017/eaa.2017.37.
  7. ^ Crețan, Remus (2006). Dicționar toponimic și geografico-istoric al localităților din județul Timiș. Timișoara: Editura Universității de Vest. p. 151. ISBN 973-7608-65-8.
  8. ^ Lotreanu, Ioan (1935). Monografia Banatului. Timișoara: Institutul de Arte Grafice „Țara”. p. 429.
  9. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după etnie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  10. ^ a b "Populația rezidentă după religie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
  11. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  12. ^ "Alegeri locale 2024". Rezultate Vot.
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