List of countries by steel production

For the company-oriented account, see List of steel producers.

In 2023, total world crude steel production was nearly 1.9 billion tons (Gt). The biggest steel producing country is currently China, which accounted for 54% of world steel production in 2023.[1] In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, China became the first country to produce over one billion tons of steel.[2] In 2008, 2009, 2015 and 2016 output fell in the majority of steel-producing countries as a result of the global recession. In 2010 and 2017, it started to rise again. Crude steel production contracted in all regions in 2019 except in Asia and the Middle East. India is the 2nd leading producer of iron and steel industries.[3][4]

Steel production

2015–2025

This is a list of countries by steel production from 2015 to 2025, based on data provided by the World Steel Association. All countries with annual production of crude steel at least 1 million metric tons.[4]

Crude steel production in 2015–2025 (million metric tons)
Country/Region 2024
[5] 		2023
[5] 		2022
[5] 		2021
[5] 		2020
[5] 		2019
[6][7] 		2018
[8][9] 		2017
[1][10] 		2016
[1][11] 		2015
[12]
 World 1,886.3 1,904.1 1,889.2 1,962.5 1,883.3 1,874.4 1,808.4 1,674.8 1,606.3 1,620.4
China 1,005.1 1,028.9 1,018.0 1,035.2 1,064.8 995.4 920.0 831.7 786.9 803.8
India 149.4 140.8 125.3 118.2 100.3 111.4 109.3 101.5 95.5 89.6
Japan 84.0 87.0 89.2 96.3 83.2 99.3 104.3 104.7 104.8 105.2
United States 79.5 81.4 80.5 85.8 72.7 87.8 86.6 81.6 78.5 78.9
Russia 71.0 76.0 71.5 77.0 71.6 71.7 72.0 71.3 70.5 71.1
South Korea 63.6 66.7 65.8 70.4 67.1 71.4 72.5 71.1 68.6 69.7
Germany 37.3 35.4 36.9 40.2 35.7 39.6 42.4 43.6 42.1 42.7
Turkey 36.9 33.7 35.1 40.4 35.8 33.7 37.3 37.5 33.2 31.5
Brazil 33.9 32.0 34.1 36.1 31.4 32.6 35.4 34.4 30.2 33.3
Iran 31.4 30.7 30.6 28.3 29.0 25.6 24.5 21.8 17.9 16.1
Vietnam 22.0 19.2 20.0 23.0 19.9 17.5 15.5 10.3 7.8 5.7
Italy 20.0 21.1 21.6 24.4 20.4 23.2 24.5 24.0 23.3 22.0
Taiwan 19.2 19.1 20.8 23.2 21.0 22.0 23.2 23.2 21.8 21.4
Indonesia 18.6 16.8 15.6 14.8 12.9 7.8 6.2 5.2 4.8 4.9
Mexico 13.8 16.4 18.4 18.5 16.8 18.4 20.2 20.0 19.0 18.3
Canada 12.3 12.2 12.1 13.0 11.0 12.9 13.4 13.7 12.7 12.5
Spain 11.9 11.4 11.6 14.2 11.0 13.6 14.3 14.5 13.6 14.9
France 10.8 10.0 12.1 13.9 11.6 14.4 15.4 15.5 14.6 15.0
Egypt 10.7 10.4 9.8 10.3 8.2 7.3 7.8 6.8 5.0 5.5
Saudi Arabia 9.6 9.9 9.9 8.7 7.8 8.2 5.2 4.8[13] 5.5 5.7
Malaysia 9.0 7.5 7.2 6.7 6.6 6.8 4.1 2.8 2.8 3.8
Ukraine 7.6 6.2 6.3 21.4 20.6 20.8 21.1 22.7 24.2 22.9
Austria 7.1 7.1 7.5 7.9 6.8 7.4 6.9 8.1 7.4 7.7
Belgium 7.1 5.9 7.0 6.9 6.1 7.8 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.2
Poland 7.1 6.4 7.4 8.5 7.9 9.0 10.8 10.3 8.9 9.1
Netherlands 6.4 4.7 6.1 6.6 6.1 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0
Thailand 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.5 4.5 4.2 6.4 4.5 3.8 3.7
Australia 4.7 5.3 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.3 4.9
South Africa 4.7 5.0 4.5 5.0 3.9 6.2 5.7 6.3 6.1 7.6
Algeria 4.5 4.4 4.3 3.5 3.0 2.4 2.3 0.4 4.62 4.4
Bangladesh 4.5 5.0 6.0 5.5 4.7 5.1 3.8 3.5 — —
Kazakhstan 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.0 4.4 4.2 3.6
Pakistan 4.1 5.3 6.0 5.4 3.8 3.3 4.7 5.0 3.6 2.9
Sweden 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.62 4.4
United Kingdom 4.0 5.6 6.0 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.6 10.8
Slovakia 3.9 4.4 3.9 4.9 3.4 3.9 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.6
Argentina 3.9 4.9 5.1 4.9 3.7 4.6 5.2 4.6 4.1 5.0
United Arab Emirates 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.0 2.7 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0
Finland 3.7 3.8 3.5 4.3 3.5 3.5 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0
Oman 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Iraq 3.0 2.8 3.3 2.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Czech Republic 2.5 3.4 4.3 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.9 4.6 5.3 5.3
Belarus 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.6
 Others[14] 2.3 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 — — — — —
Portugal 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.2 — — — — —
Philippines 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.6 0.9 — — — — —
Luxembourg 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.9 — — — — —
Kenya 1.8 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 — — — — —
Peru 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.2 0.7 — — — — —
Morocco 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.0 — — — — —
Serbia 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.5 — — — — —
Romania 1.4 1.6 2.6 3.4 2.8 3.5 3.5 — — —
Greece 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.4 — — — — —
Colombia 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 — — — — —
Bahrain 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 — — — — —
 Switzerland 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 — — — — —
Nigeria 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 — — — — —
Qatar 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 — — — — —
Kuwait 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.3 — — — — —
Uzbekistan 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 — — — — —
Chile 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 — — — — —

1980–2015

This is a list of countries by steel production from 1980 to 2015, based on data provided by the World Steel Association. All countries with annual production of crude steel at least 2 million metric tons.[3][4]

Crude steel production in 1980–2015 (million metric tons)
Country/Region 2015
[12] 		2014
[15] 		2013
[16] 		2012
[17] 		2011
[18] 		2010
[19] 		2000
[3] 		1990
[3] 		1980
[3]
 World 1,620.4 1,670.1 1,649.3 1,552.9 1,490.1 1,413.6 850.1 770.4 716.4
China 803.8 822.7 779.0 724.7 683.3 626.7 128.5 66.4 37.1
India 89.6 87.3 81.2 77.3 72.2 68.3 26.9 15.0 9.5
Japan 105.2 110.7 110.6 107.2 107.6 109.6 106.4 110.3 111.4
United States 78.9 88.2 87.0 88.6 86.2 80.6 101.8 89.7 101.4
Russia 71.1 71.5 69.4 70.6 68.7 66.9 59.1 89.6[20] —
South Korea 69.7 71.5 66.0 69.3 68.5 58.5 43.1 23.1 8.5
Germany 42.7 42.9 42.6 42.7 44.3 43.8 46.4 44.0 51.1
Turkey 31.5 34.0 34.7 35.9 34.1 29.0 14.3 9.4 2.5
Brazil 33.3 33.9 34.2 34.7 35.2 32.8 27.9 20.6 15.3
Iran 16.1 16.3 15.4 14.5 13.0 12.0 6.6 1.4 0.5
Vietnam 5.7 5.9 5.6 5.3 4.9 2.7 0.3 0.1 0.1
Italy 22.0 23.7 24.1 27.2 28.7 25.8 26.8 25.5 26.5
Taiwan 21.4 23.1 22.3 20.7 20.2 19.8 — — —
Indonesia 4.9 4.4 2.6 2.3 3.6 3.6 2.9 2.8 0.5
Mexico 18.3 19.0 18.2 18.1 18.1 17.0 15.6 8.7 7.1
Canada 12.5 12.7 12.4 13.5 13.1 13.0 16.6 12.3 15.9
Spain 14.9 14.3 13.7 13.6 15.6 16.3 15.8 12.9 12.8
France 15.0 16.1 15.7 15.6 15.8 15.4 21.0 19.0 23.1
Egypt 5.5 6.5 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.7 2.8 2.2 1.0
Saudi Arabia 5.7 6.3 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.0 3.0 1.8 0.1
Malaysia 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.6 5.9 4.1 3.7 1.1 0.2
Ukraine 22.9 27.2 32.8 32.9 35.3 33.6 31.8 54.6[20] 52.3[20]
Austria 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.4 7.5 7.2 5.7 4.3 4.6
Belgium 7.2 7.3 7.1 7.4 8.1 8.1 11.6 11.5 12.3
Poland 9.1 8.6 8.0 8.4 8.8 8.0 10.5 13.6 19.5
Netherlands 7.0 7.0 6.7 6.9 6.9 6.7 5.7 5.4 5.3
Thailand 3.7 4.1 3.6 3.3 4.2 3.7 2.1 0.7 0.5
Australia 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.9 6.4 7.3 7.1 6.6 7.6
South Africa 7.6 6.6 7.2 7.1 6.7 8.5 8.5 8.7 9.1
Algeria 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.9 4.8 5.2 4.5 4.2
Kazakhstan 3.6 3.7 3.3 3.9 4.7 4.3 4.7 7.4[20] —
Pakistan 2.9 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.8 —
Sweden 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.9 4.8 5.2 4.5 4.2
United Kingdom 10.8 12.1 11.9 9.6 9.5 9.7 15.2 17.8 11.3
Slovakia 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.6 3.7 5.1[21] —
Argentina 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.7 5.1 4.5 3.6 2.7
United Arab Emirates 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.0 0.5 0.1 — —
Finland 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.1 2.9 2.5
Oman 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.7
Iraq 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.7
Czech Republic 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.6 5.2 6.2 9.7[21] —
Belarus 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.5 1.5 1.5[20] —
 Others[14] — 28.4 29.5 29.9 29.5 23.3 — — —

Exports and imports

This is a list of the top (net) steel exporters and imports in 2023, in millions of tonnes. The net exports is the amount of exports minus the amount of imports, while the net imports is the amount of imports minus the amount of exports.[22]

Country Exports Net
exports 		Imports Net
imports
China 94.3 83.2 11.0 –
Japan 32.2 26.3 – –
South Korea 27.0 12.0 15.0 –
European Union[23] 26.0 – 39.2 22.0
Germany 22.5 3.8 18.7 –
Italy 16.1 – 18.7 –
Belgium 14.6 3.0 11.6 –
Russia 13.9 12.7 – –
Turkey 12.7 – 18.0 5.2
Brazil 12.3 7.3 – –
Iran 11.9 10.2 – –
Netherlands 11.8 2.8 9.0 –
France 9.9 – 11.8 –
India 9.9 – 9.8 –
Indonesia 9.6 – 12.4 2.8
Taiwan 9.5 2.0 7.5 –
United States 8.9 – 26.4 17.6
Vietnam 8.6 – 14.0 5.4
Spain 7.8 – 10.2 –
Malaysia 7.6 – 7.1 –
Oman – 3.8 – –
Austria – 3.6 – –
Ukraine – 2.2 – –
Slovakia – 1.5 – –
Luxembourg – 1.5 – –
Mexico – – 17.5 14.4
Thailand – – 13.7 12.0
Poland – – 11.6 6.5
Canada – – 8.6 –
Egypt – – – 15.2
Philippines – – – 6.9
United Arab Emirates – – – 4.5
Iraq – – – 4.4
Saudi Arabia – – – 3.4
Czech Republic – – – 2.7
Singapore – – – 2.7

World steel production trend

Development of the worldwide production of steel in millions of tons.

World production in millions of tons[24][25]
1900–1925 1925–1950 1950–1975 1975–2000 2000–2023
Year Prod. Year Prod. Year Prod. Year Prod. Year Prod.
1900 28.3 1925 90.4 1950 191.6 1975 643.0 2000 850.1
1901 31.0 1926 93.4 1951 211.1 1976 675.5 2001 851.1
1902 34.5 1927 101.8 1952 211.6 1977 675.6 2002 904.2
1903 36.1 1928 110.0 1953 234.8 1978 717.2 2003 969.9
1904 36.3 1929 120.8 1954 223.8 1979 746.4 2004 1,071.4
1905 44.9 1930 95.1 1955 270.0 1980 716.4 2005 1,144.0
1906 51.2 1931 69.6 1956 283.5 1981 707.0 2006 1,247.1
1907 53.0 1932 50.7 1957 292.5 1982 645.0 2007 1,351.3
1908 41.4 1933 68.0 1958 274.3 1983 663.4 2008 1,326.5
1909 54.2 1934 82.4 1959 305.7 1984 710.3 2009 1,219.7
1910 60.3 1935 99.5 1960 346.4 1985 718.9 2010 1,413.6
1911 60.5 1936 124.3 1961 351.3 1986 714.0 2011 1,490.1
1912 72.8 1937 135.7 1962 360.1 1987 735.5 2012 1,552.9
1913 76.4 1938 110.0 1963 387.1 1988 780.1 2013 1,649.3
1914 60.4 1939 137.1 1964 433.4 1989 786.0 2014 1,670.1
1915 66.6 1940 140.6 1965 454.0 1990 770.4 2015 1,620.4
1916 78.2 1941 153.8 1966 472.7 1991 733.6 2016 1,606.3
1917 82.0 1942 151.4 1967 497.2 1992 719.7 2017 1,674.8
1918 77.2 1943 159.6 1968 529.8 1993 727.5 2018 1,808.4
1919 58.5 1944 151.2 1969 574.6 1994 725.1 2019 1,869.9
1920 72.5 1945 113.1 1970 595.4 1995 752.3 2020 1,883.3
1921 45.2 1946 111.6 1971 582.6 1996 750.1 2021 1,962.5
1922 68.8 1947 136.0 1972 630.7 1997 799.0 2022 1,889.2
1923 78.3 1948 155.3 1973 697.5 1998 777.3 2023 1,904.1
1924 78.5 1949 160.0 1974 703.8 1999 789.3 2024 1,886.3
1925 90.4 1950 191.6 1975 643.0 2000 850.1 –

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "World Steel in Figures 2021" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  2. ^ "China's steel sector sees output growth in 2020". Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  3. ^ a b c d e "World Steel Production 1980-2013" (PDF). World Steel Association. Nov 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 April 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  4. ^ a b c "Handbook of World Steel Statistics" (PDF). 1978. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Annual production steel data". worldsteel.org. Retrieved 2025-09-18.
  6. ^ "Global crude steel output increases by 3.4% in 2019".
  7. ^ "World Crude Steel Production" (PDF). WorldSteel. 2020-01-27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-01-30. Retrieved 2020-07-05.
  8. ^ "Global crude steel output increases by 4.6% in 2018".
  9. ^ "World Crude Steel Production" (PDF). WorldSteel. 2019-01-25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
  10. ^ "Monthly crude steel production - 2017" (PDF). World Steel Assoctiation. 2018-01-24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2018-02-04.
  11. ^ "Monthly crude steel production" (PDF). World Steel Association. 24 Apr 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  12. ^ a b "Steel Statistical Yearbook 2016" (PDF). World Steel Association. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
  13. ^ partial data
  14. ^ a b composition of other countries vary year to year, thus is not comparable
  15. ^ "Steel Statistical Yearbook 2015" (PDF). World Steel Association. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  16. ^ "World Steel Statistics data 2013" (PDF). World Steel Association. 23 January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 February 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  17. ^ "World Crude Steel Production - Summary" (PDF). 22 January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-18. Retrieved 2014-07-27. World Crude Steel Production 2012
  18. ^ World Crude Steel Production 2011
  19. ^ World Crude Steel Production 2010 Archived 2011-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ a b c d e Was part of USSR until 1992
  21. ^ a b Was part of Czechoslovakia until 1993
  22. ^ "World Steel in Figures 2025" (PDF). Retrieved 2025-09-18.
  23. ^ excluding intra-regional trade
  24. ^ "A Handbook of World Steel Statistics" (PDF). International Iron and Steel Institute.
  25. ^ "World Steel Association - Statistics archive". 2012-02-12. Archived from the original on 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2024-08-08.
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