Belfast South was a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons from 1885 to 1918 and from 1922 to 2024. From the 2024 general election, it was succeeded by the constituency of Belfast South and Mid Down.
History
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Belfast South tended to elect 'rebel unionists' such as William Johnston, who defied a ban on Orange marches, and Thomas Sloan, founder of the Independent Orange Order.
Belfast South contained some of Belfast's most expensive residential districts as well as Queen's University Belfast. The overall tenor of the constituency is middle-class – young, trendy and cosmopolitan towards the city centre, with Northern Ireland's biggest concentrations of both students and ethnic minorities, and further out from the city centre it is settled and prosperous. Despite this, significant pockets of inner-city working class areas such as the Markets and a number of isolated suburban estates exist in the constituency.
There had been particularly rapid demographic change in Belfast South from around the year 2000. The 2011 census revealed that Belfast South consisted of a slightly larger Catholic population than Protestant and while the constituency traditionally has had a unionist majority, the nationalist vote surpassed this in more recent elections. There have also been strong votes for other parties such as the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, Green Party, the Conservatives and the Northern Ireland Women's Coalition. The constituency has witnessed a steady series of candidates backed by groups who aspire to support the British Labour Party despite its prior ban on membership and organisation in Northern Ireland, though their results have been minimal. Until the 1990s the main focus of attention had been on contests between unionist candidates.
In the February 1974 general election the seat was won by Robert Bradford of the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party on a united anti-Sunningdale Agreement slate with the Ulster Unionist Party and the Democratic Unionist Party. He defeated Rafton Pounder, the sitting Unionist MP who defended his seat as a Pro-Assembly Unionist. Bradford held the seat for the next seven years, though in February 1978 he and the rump of Vanguard reunited with the Ulster Unionists. At the end of 1981 Bradford was assassinated by the IRA in a Belfast community centre while hosting a political surgery.
The subsequent by-election garnered much interest as it was expected that the Democratic Unionist Party would take the seat, building on their steady rise which had seen them gain both Belfast North and Belfast East at the previous general election. However, the DUP came third, behind the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, and the UUP's candidate Martin Smyth won the seat, holding it until 2005. The by-election was extremely significant at the time in that it was the first at which the DUP tide ebbed.
In January 2005 Smyth announced that he would retire at the 2005 general election, raising speculation both as to whom the Ulster Unionists would field in succession to him and what effect a different candidate would have upon their share of the vote. The UUP selected Assembly member Michael McGimpsey, albeit with a highly controversial and bitter selection. McGimpsey was repudiated by many prominent Unionists, including both Smyth and former UUP leader James Molyneaux. The DUP selected Jimmy Spratt and offered an electoral pact to the UUP that would give each party a free run at one out of South Belfast and Fermanagh and South Tyrone. This offer was rejected by the UUP.
In the event, the DUP and UUP both fielded candidates which split the vote. The nationalist vote mainly went for the SDLP over Sinn Féin, with the result that the SDLP took the seat despite a majority of votes cast for unionist candidates.[1]
In the 2010 general election, Sinn Féin opted not to stand against the SDLP to avoid splitting the nationalist vote.[2] The SDLP won the seat with a majority of 6,000. This was the seat in which the Alliance Party had their second-best showing, polling 15% of the votes. Alasdair McDonnell retained the seat in May 2015, with only 24.5% of the vote, as Sinn Féin opted to stand. This is the smallest proportion of the vote a winning candidate has ever achieved in a UK general election.[3]
In the 2017 general election the seat was won by Emma Little-Pengelly of the DUP[4] with Alasdair McDonnell losing his seat along with all other SDLP MPs in Northern Ireland.[5] This was won back for the SDLP by Claire Hanna in 2019, with Sinn Féin again opting not to stand.[6] This was the first time since 1987 that the winning candidate in the constituency had a majority of the vote.
Boundaries
Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the parliamentary borough of Belfast was expanded. The 2-seat borough constituency of Belfast in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom was divided into four divisions: East, South, West, and North.
The city boundaries were expanded under the Belfast Corporation Act 1896.[7] Under the Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918, the parliamentary borough was extended to include the whole city and the number of divisions increased from 4 to 9. The Cromac and Ormeau divisions largely replaced the South division.[8][9] These boundaries were in effect at the 1918 general election.
The Government of Ireland Act 1920 established the Parliament of Northern Ireland, which came into operation in 1921. The representation of Northern Ireland in the Parliament of the United Kingdom was reduced from 30 MPs to 13 MPs, taking effect at the 1922 United Kingdom general election. These changes saw a 4-seat Belfast South constituency in the House of Commons of Northern Ireland and Belfast South re-established as a one-seat constituency at Westminster.
| 1885–1918
|
Cromac Ward (except so much as is comprised in the East division),
St. George's Ward (except so much as is comprised in West division),
and in the parish of Shankill, County of Antrim, the Townland of Malone Lower, and so much of the Townland of Malone Upper as is included in the parliamentary borough.[10]
|
| 1922–1950
|
The divisions of Cromac (Cromac and Windsor wards) and Ormeau (Ormeau ward)[11]
|
| 1950–1974
|
In the county borough of Belfast, the wards of Cromac, Ormeau and Windsor.[12]
|
| 1974–1983
|
In the county borough of Belfast, the wards of Cromac, Ormeau and Windsor;
In the rural district of Lisburn, the electoral divisions of Ardmore, Dunmurry, Finaghy, and Upper Malone; and
in the rural district of Hillsborough, the electoral divisions of Breda and Edenderry.[13]
|
| 1983–1997
|
In Belfast, the wards of Ballynafeigh, Cromac, Donegall, Finaghy, Malone, Ormeau, Rosetta, St George's, Stranmillis, university, Upper Malone, Willowfield, and Windsor.[14]
|
| 1997–2010
|
In Belfast, the wards of Ballynafeigh, Blackstaff, Botanic, Finaghy, Malone, Musgrave, Ravenhill, Rosetta, Shaftesbury, Stranmillis, Upper Malone, Windsor and Woodstock,
and in Castlereagh, the wards of Beechill, Cairnshill, Galwally, Knockbracken, Minnowburn and Newtownbreda.[15]
|
| 2010–2024
|
In Belfast, the wards of Ballynafeigh, Blackstaff, Botanic, Finaghy, Malone, Musgrave, Ravenhill, Rosetta, Shaftesbury, Stranmillis, Upper Malone, Windsor and Woodstock
and in Castlereagh, the wards of Beechill, Cairnshill, Carryduff East, Carryduff West, Galwally, Hillfoot, Knockbracken, Minnowburn, Newtownbreda and Wynchurch.[16]
|
Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was proposed to be replaced by Belfast South and Mid Down.[17] The redrawn constituency contained 90.8% of the population of the former Belfast South.[18][19][20] This seat was first contested at the 2024 United Kingdom general election.
Members of Parliament
The Member of Parliament for Belfast South at the time of its abolition was Claire Hanna of the Social Democratic and Labour Party, who defeated Emma Little-Pengelly of the Democratic Unionist Party in the 2019 general election.
Election results
Elections in the 2010s
This seat saw the largest SDLP vote share and the largest increase in vote share for the party at the 2019 general election. This came as Sinn Féin did not contest the seat. It also saw the only fall in vote share for Alliance.[22]
The SDLP won the lowest winning share of the vote in modern British history.
Elections in the 2000s
Elections in the 1990s
1997 Changes are compared to the 1992 notional results shown below.
Elections in the 1980s
Note: The by-election was caused by the decision of all Unionist MPs to resign their seats and seek re-election on a platform of opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement.
Elections in the 1970s
Elections in the 1960s
Elections in the 1950s
Elections in the 1940s
Elections in the 1930s
Elections in the 1920s
Elections in the 1910s
Elections in the 1900s
Elections in the 1890s
Elections in the 1880s
References
- ^ "SDLP victorious in South Belfast". 6 May 2005. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ "Sinn Féin pulls candidate from South Belfast seat in attempt to form pact with SDLP". The Guardian. 20 April 2010. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ "A close-run thing as Alasdair McDonnell turns up late for his own party". belfasttelegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ "Belfast South parliamentary constituency – Election 2017". BBC News. Archived from the original on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ "Results of the 2017 general election". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
- ^ "Belfast South parliamentary constituency – Election 2019". BBC News. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ^ "Belfast Corporation Act 1896 (ch. ccxlvi)". vLex. 14 August 1896.
- ^ "Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918 (7 & 8 Geo. 5. c. 65), Second Schedule, Part I" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk.
- ^ Representation of the People Bill 1917: redistribution of seats: report. Boundary Commission (Ireland). 1917.
- ^ "Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c. 23), s. 8 and Sixth Schedule, Part 3" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk.
- ^ "Government of Ireland Act 1920: Fifth Schedule". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2025.
- ^ First Schedule, Part IV (Northern Ireland), (b) Borough constituencies, "Representation of the People Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6, Ch. 65)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2025.
- ^ Schedule, Part II (b) Borough constituencies, "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1970 (No. 1678)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2025.
- ^ Schedule, Part II (b) Borough constituencies, "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1982 (No. 1838)" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. 22 December 1982. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2025.
- ^ "Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 1995: Schedule", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 23 November 1995, SI 1995/2992 (sch.)
- ^ "Parliamentary Constituencies (Northern Ireland) Order 2008: Schedule", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 11 June 2008, SI 2008/1486 (sch.)
- ^ "Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023: Schedule 2", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 15 November 2023, SI 2023/1230 (sch. 2)
- ^ "Belfast South and Mid Down – Overlaps". UK Parliament.
- ^ "Sinn Fein defend proposals to redraw Belfast's electoral boundaries". BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
- ^ "Final Recommendations Report of the 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituencies – PDF". Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland. 28 June 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
- ^ "Belfast South Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
- ^ Uberoi, Elise; Baker, Carl; Cracknell, Richard (19 December 2019). General Election 2019: results and analysis (PDF) (Report). House of Commons Library. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ^ "Election of a Member of Parliament for the BELFAST SOUTH Constituency - Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll". Electoral Office of Northern Ireland. 11 May 2017. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
- ^ "UK Parliamentary Election Result 2017 - Belfast South". Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
- ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "The Electoral Office of Northern Ireland – EONI". eoni.org.uk. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- ^ "Belfast South parliamentary constituency – Election 2017". BBC. Archived from the original on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "BBC News – Election 2010 – Constituency – Belfast South". BBC News. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- ^ Westminster Candidates Archived 16 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Ulster Unionist Party, 20 March 2010
- ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ Results of Byelections in the 1983-87 Parliament Archived 5 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine in the United Kingdom Election Results website Archived 7 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine maintained by David Boothroyd
- ^ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ Boothroyd, David. "Results of Byelections in the 1979-83 Parliament". United Kingdom Election Results. Archived from the original on 9 June 2000. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
- ^ "1963 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
- ^ "1952 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Walker, B.M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. pp. 329–330. ISBN 0901714127.
- ^ "Election intelligence". The Times. No. 36850. London. 19 August 1902. p. 3.
Further reading
External links
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