Semarang Tawang–Brumbung–Surabaya Pasar Turi railway

The Semarang Tawang–Brumbung–Surabaya Pasar Turi railway (Indonesian: Jalur kereta api Semarang Tawang–Brumbung–Surabaya Pasarturi) is a railway line that connects Semarang Tawang and Surabaya Pasarturi that opened in 1867 for Semarang Tawang-Brumbung, and continued to Surabaya Pasar Turi in 1924. This route crosses on province with 6 regencies or cities, namely Semarang, Bojonegoro, Lamongan Regency, Lamongan, Gresik Regency, and Surabaya.

This lines as the busiest intercity between Jakarta and Surabaya via northern corridor railway.

Collectively, the Semarang-Surabaya railway line was paused with the Brumbung, then continued to Surabaya in 1922. This line is included in Operation Area IV Semarang on the Gundih–Padangan segment, and Operation Area VIII Surabaya on the Tobo–Surabaya Pasarturi segment. KAI Commuter operates trains on the Cepu–Surabaya Pasarturi.

This line connects Jakarta and West Java with Central Java and East Java. However, the main route from Bandung to Surabaya is the southern route of Java Island via Yogyakarta. The entire railway line was built by the Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS) as part of its railway line development project after the success of the Semarang–Vorstenlanden railway line. This line was built by the Class I Railway Engineering Center in Semarang on the Brumbung–Cepu segment and Surabaya on the Padangan–Surabaya Pasarturi segment.^[1]

Semarang-Surabaya railway line began in 1860, the Poolman plantation company submitted a proposal to build a railway line from Semarang to Surakarta, which was then approved by the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies. In 1863, Indonesia's first railway company, Nederlansch Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij NISM, was founded by Poolman and other companies to build the railway line. On 17 June 1864, Governor General of the Dutch East Indies Mr. L.A.J. Baron Sloet van de Beele carried out the first hoeing for the first railway line in Kemijen Village, Semarang, which is part of the Semarang-Surakarta-Yogyakarta line. On 10 August 1867, the Semarang-Tanggal railway line was completed and continued to Surabaya from Brumbung.

In the 1890s, the Dutch East Indies railways entered a new phase. With the enactment of regulations regarding the stoomtram project, changes to existing concessions, the 1893 Railway Master Plan emerged. Once its financial situation had recovered, the Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS) began adding new railway lines, with steam tram (stoomtram) models, with a 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge. First, the NIS discussed plans for the Secang–Yogyakarta railway line and its branch to Parakan.

The Semarang Tawang-Brumbung–Surabaya Pasarturi railway line was built by NIS after the company obtained a concession through Decree No. 1 dated 24 September 1896, with a rail gauge of 1067mm. Construction was carried out using a two-sided method, with one side focused on Surabaya, while the other side was placed in the existing Gundih Station area. The details of the construction completion are as follows:

• The Surabaya–Lamongan segment was completed on 1 April 1, 1900.
• The Lamongan–Babat segment was completed on 15 August 1900.
• The Gundih–Kradenan segment was completed on 15 October 1900.
• The Kradenan–Cepu and Babat–Bojonegoro segments were completed on 15 March 1902.
• The remaining sections of the line were completed on 1 February 1903.

In addition to building the railway line, NIS also built the Sumari–Gresik–Kandangan railway line. The concession period for the Yogyakarta–Magelang stoomtram project is 76 years, and the Gundih–Surabaya line is 75 years; the close distance between the concession periods is considered because of their very special position.

In 2011, double track construction between Semarang Tawang and Surabaya Pasar Turi began.^[2] On 26 March 2014, Deputy Minister of Transportation, Bambang Susantono, reviewed the readiness of the construction of the double track line on the Semarang-Bojonegoro route, followed by the start of operation of the route on 28 March 2014, although it was delayed due to the switch-over process.^[3][4] On 24 April 2014, The Vice President of Indonesia at that time, Boediono, reviewed the preparations for the inauguration of the double track at Bojonegoro, at the same time as the launch of Gapeka 2014.^[5]

Here's that passing the Semarang-Brumbung-Surabaya Pasarturi railway line:

• Argo Bromo Anggrek, between Gambir and SUrabaya Pasarturi
• Sembrani, between Gambir and Surabaya Pasarturi
• Pandalungan, between Gambir and Jember via Surabaya Pasar Turi
• Argo Anjasmoro, between Gambir and Surabaya Pasarturi (facultative only)
• Brawijaya, between Gambir and Malang via Solo Jebres

• Gumarang, between Pasar Senen and Surabaya Pasar Turi (economy and executive)
• Kertajaya, between Pasar Senen and Surabaya Pasar Turi (economy and executive) (addition only)
• Dharmawangsa Express, between Pasar Senen and Surabaya Pasar Turi (economy and executive)
• Harina, between Bandung and Surabaya Pasar Turi (premium economy and executive)
• Blambangan Express, between Pasar Senen and Ketapang (economy and executive)
• Sancaka Utara, between Surabaya Pasar Turi and Cilacap via Yogyakarta
• Jayabaya, between Pasar Senen and Malang via Surabaya Pasar Turi
• Brantas, between Pasar Senen and Blitar via Semarang Tawang (economy and executive)
• Joglosemarkerto, loop line

• Kertajaya, between Pasar Senen and Surabaya Pasar Turi (premium economy) (regular)
• Airlangga, between Pasar Senen and Surabaya Pasar Turi
• Majapahit train, between Pasar Senen and Malang via Semarang Tawang
• Matarmaja train, between Pasar Senen and Malang via Semarang Poncol
• Maharani, between Semarang Poncol and Surabaya Pasar Turi
• Ambarawa Express, between Semarang Poncol and Surabaya Pasar Turi
• Blora Jaya Express, between Semarang Poncol and Cepu

Kedung Sepur, between Semarang Poncol and Ngrombo

• Overnight train service, between Kampung Bandan and Surabaya Pasar Turi (Northern Parcel)
• Container Freight, between Tanjung Priok, Klari, Kampung Bandan, Semarang Tawang, Benteng station, and Kalimas
• Indocement Cement Freight, between Nambo, Arjawinangun, Brambanan, and Kalimas station
• Container and Steel Coil Freight, between Krenceng and Kalimas station

• Cirebon Prujakan–Semarang Tawang railway
• Cikampek–Cirebon Prujakan railway