Sam Challis

Sam Challis
Sam Challis (2024)
Born
William Robert Challis

(1973-12-12) December 12, 1973
Alma materDurham University (BA)
University of Oxford (MSt, DPhil)
Notable workDeciphering Ancient Minds: The Mystery of San Bushman Rock Art (2011)
Scientific career
FieldsArchaeology
InstitutionsUniversity of the Witwatersrand
ThesisThe impact of the horse on the AmaTola ‘bushmen’: new identity in the Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains of Southern Africa (2008)
Doctoral advisorPeter Mitchell

William Robert (Sam) Challis FRAI FSA (born 12 December 1973) is a British archaeologist. He is Director of the Rock Art Research Institute (RARI) at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Challis graduated with a BA in Archaeology from the University of Durham in 1996, and later earned an MSt (2003) and a DPhil at the University of Oxford (2008).[1] He wrote his DPhil thesis on the impact of horses on hunter-gatherer bushmen in Southern Africa.[2]

Career and research

Challis describes his main research interest as the expression of 'the interaction between hunter-gatherers, pastoralists and farmers, as well as Europeans' in global rock art.[3] He studies 'both historical and modern indigenous ontologies as well as cultural creolization following contact', largely from a rock art perspective.[4] His research programme in the Matatiele trains locals as field technicians.[5]

He is a Research Affiliate of the Museum of Anthropological Archaeology at the University of Michigan, and also an Honorary Research Fellow of the Department of Archaeology at the University of Aberdeen.[3][6]

He co-authored Deciphering Ancient Minds: The Mystery of San Bushman Rock Art with David Lewis-Williams.[7][8][9]

Selected publications

Books

  • Lewis-Williams, David; Challis, Sam (2011). Deciphering Ancient Minds: The Mystery of San Bushman Rock Art. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500051696.
  • Hampson, J.; Challis, Sam; Goldhahn, J., eds. (2022). Powerful Pictures: Rock Art Research Histories Around the World. Oxford: Archaeopress. ISBN 9781803273884.

Articles

References

  1. ^ "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). University of Michigan. 2024. Retrieved 22 August 2025.
  2. ^ Challis, Sam (2008). The impact of the horse on the AmaTola ‘bushmen’: new identity in the Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains of Southern Africa (DPhil thesis). University ofOxford.
  3. ^ a b "Sam Challis". Museum of Anthropological Archaeology. University of Michigan. Retrieved 21 August 2025.
  4. ^ "Sam Challis Biography". University of the Witwatersrand. Retrieved 3 September 2025.
  5. ^ "Rock Art Network - Sam Challis". Bradshaw Foundation. Retrieved 3 September 2025. his research programme in the mountains of Matatiele in the Eastern Cape, aims to redress the imbalance of this neglected former-apartheid region while training local community Field Technicians
  6. ^ "Honorary Staff & Researchers". School of Geosciences. University of Aberdeen. Retrieved 26 August 2025.
  7. ^ Kohn, Marek (10 June 2011). "Deciphering Ancient Minds: The Mystery of San Bushman Rock Art, by David Lewis-Williams & Sam Challis". The Independent. Retrieved 21 August 2025.
  8. ^ Helvenston, Patricia A. (November 2012). "Deciphering ancient minds: the mystery of San Bushman rock art. A critical book review". Rock Art Research. 29 (2): 247–256.
  9. ^ Deacon, Janette (December 2011). "Review: (Untitled)". The South African Archaeological Bulletin. 66 (194). South African Archaeological Society: 189–190.