Quasi-Hilda comet

A quasi-Hilda comet (QHC) is a Jupiter-family comet that interacts strongly with Jupiter and undergoes extended temporary capture by it. These comets are associated with the Hilda asteroid zone in the 3:2 inner mean-motion resonance with Jupiter. Typically, asteroids in this zone have a semimajor axis between 3.70 and 4.20 AU, eccentricities below 0.30, and inclinations of no more than 20°.[1] Comets can be temporarily perturbed into this group and then perturbed back out again.[2] Eight percent of the comets that leave the 3:2 resonance end up impacting Jupiter.[1]

Known quasi-Hilda comets

These numbered comets belong to the group of quasi-Hilda comet:[1]

Full Name
 Nucleus radii
 Aphelion (Q)
 Eccentricity
 Inclination
 Perihelion date
36P/Whipple 2.55 km[3] 5.27 0.261 9.92 2011-12-29
74P/Smirnova–Chernykh 2.23 km[4] 4.78 0.147 6.65 2009-07-26
82P/Gehrels 0.71 km[5] 4.65 0.122 1.12 2010-01-12
111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett 0.46–1.39 km[6] 4.61 0.140 4.23 2013-01-30
117P/Helin–Roman–Alu 16.4 km[7] 5.13 0.253 8.69 2014-03-28
129P/Shoemaker–Levy 1.65 km[8] 4.85 0.170 3.29 2014-02-07
135P/Shoemaker–Levy 1.38 km[9] 4.93 0.289 6.05 2014-11-01
147P/Kushida–Muramatsu 0.22 km[5] 4.85 0.276 2.36 2008-09-22
212P/NEAT (2000 YN30)[10] – 6.20 0.579 22.4 2008-12-03
215P/NEAT (2002 O8) 1.825 km[11] 4.83 0.200 12.7 2010-06-06
228P/LINEAR (2001 YX127) 2.41 km[8] 4.89 0.176 7.91 2011-08-26
231P/LINEAR–NEAT (2003 CP7) – 5.01 0.246 12.3 2011-05-16
246P/NEAT (2004 F3) 1.01 km[11] 5.17 0.286 15.9 2013-01-28
282P/2003 BM80[12] – 5.04 0.188 5.81 2021-10-24
362P/2008 GO98[13] – 5.08 0.279 15.6 2024-07-20

39P/Oterma was a quasi-Hilda before a close approach to Jupiter in 1963.[1] 77P/Longmore falls outside of the bulk distribution because of its large eccentricity and inclination.[1] Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 impacted with Jupiter in 1994.

Not numbered comets claimed to be quasi-Hilda object with comet activity are P/2010 H2 (Vales),[14] 2009 DQ118,[15] 2018 CZ18[16] and 2004 CV50.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e I. Toth (2006). "The quasi-Hilda subgroup of ecliptic comets – an update" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 448 (3): 1191–1196. Bibcode:2006A&A...448.1191T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053492.
  2. ^ C. E. Spratt (1989). "The Hilda group of minor planets". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 83: 393–404. Bibcode:1989JRASC..83..393S.
  3. ^ C. Snodgrass; A. Fitzsimmons; S. C. Lowry; P. Weissman (2011). "The size distribution of Jupiter Family comet nuclei" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 414 (1): 458–469. arXiv:1101.4228. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.414..458S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18406.x.
  4. ^ P. L. Lamy; I. Toth; Y. R. Fernández; H. A. Weaver (2004). "The Sizes, Shapes, Albedos, and Colors of Cometary Nuclei" (PDF). Comets II. University of Arizona Press. pp. 223–264. Bibcode:2004come.book..223L. doi:10.2307/j.ctv1v7zdq5.22. ISBN 978-0-8165-2450-1. JSTOR j.ctv1v7zdq5.22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
  5. ^ a b P. L. Lamy; I. Toth; H. A. Weaver; M. F. A'Hearn; L. Jorda (2011). "Properties of the nuclei and comae of 10 ecliptic comets from Hubble Space Telescope multi-orbit observations" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 412 (3): 1573–1590. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.412.1573L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17934.x.
  6. ^ E. M. Epifani; P. Palumbo; M. T. Capria; et al. (2007). "The distant activity of Short Period Comets*– I". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 381 (2): 713–722. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.381..713M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12181.x.
  7. ^ E. M. Epifani; P. Palumbo; M. T. Capria; et al. (2008). "The distant activity of Short Period Comets*– II". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 390 (1): 265–280. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.390..265M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13718.x.
  8. ^ a b Y. R. Fernández; M. S. P. Kelley; P. L. Lamy; et al. (2013). "Thermal properties, sizes, and size distribution of Jupiter-family cometary nuclei". Icarus. 226 (1): 1138–1170. arXiv:1307.6191. Bibcode:2013Icar..226.1138F. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.07.021.
  9. ^ G. Tancredi; J. A. Fernández; H. Rickman; J. Licandro (2006). "Nuclear magnitudes and the size distribution of Jupiter family comets". Icarus. 182 (2): 527–549. Bibcode:2006Icar..182..527T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.01.007.
  10. ^ Y. C. Cheng; W. H. Ip (16–20 May 2012). Physical and dynamical properties of a quasi-Hilda comet, 212P/2000 YN30. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors. Vol. 1667. Niigata, Japan. p. 6462. Bibcode:2012LPICo1667.6462C.
  11. ^ a b J. M. Bauer; T. Grav; Y. R. Fernández; et al. (2017). "Debiasing the NEOWISE Cryogenic Mission Comet Populations". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (2): 53–62. Bibcode:2017AJ....154...53B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa72df.
  12. ^ C. O. Chandler; W. J. Oldroyd; C. A. Trujillo (2022). "Migratory Outbursting Quasi-Hilda Object 282P/(323137) 2003 BM80". The Astrophysical Journal. 937 (1): L2. arXiv:2208.08592. Bibcode:2022ApJ...937L...2C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac897a.
  13. ^ E. García-Migani; R. Gil-Hutton. "The activity and dynamical evolution of quasi-hilda asteroid (457175) 2008 GO98". Planetary and Space Science. 160: 12–18. Bibcode:2018P&SS..160...12G. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2018.03.011. ISSN 0032-0633.
  14. ^ D. C. Jewitt; Y. Kim (2020). "Outbursting Quasi-Hilda Asteroid P/2010 H2 (Vales)". The Planetary Science Journal. 1 (3): 77. arXiv:2010.05012. Bibcode:2020PSJ.....1...77J. doi:10.3847/PSJ/abbef6. ISSN 2632-3338.
  15. ^ W. J. Oldroyd; C. O. Chandler; C. A. Trujillo; et al. "Comet-like Activity Discovered on Quasi-Hilda Asteroid 2009 DQ118". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 7 (3): 42. Bibcode:2023RNAAS...7...42O. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/acc17c. ISSN 2515-5172.
  16. ^ C. A. Trujillo; C. O. Chandler; W. J. Oldroyd; et al. (2023). "Cometary Activity on Quasi-Hilda Object 2018 CZ16". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 7 (5): 106. Bibcode:2023RNAAS...7..106T. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/acd7f0. ISSN 2515-5172.
  17. ^ C. O. Chandler; W. J. Oldroyd; C. A. Trujillo; et al. (2023). "New Active Quasi-Hilda Asteroid 2004 CV50: A Citizen Science Discovery". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 7 (11): 237. Bibcode:2023RNAAS...7..237C. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ad09c1. ISSN 2515-5172.
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